格姆滩“黑土型”退化草地生物量及营养季节动态研究  

Seasonal Dynamics of Aboveground Biomass and Nutrition of "Black Soil Type" Degraded Grassland in Gemutan

作　　者：王彦龙 马玉寿 孙小弟 施建军 董全民 盛丽 杨时海 

机构地区：[1]青海畜牧兽医科学院草原研究所,西宁810016

出　　处：《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2008年第2期1-3,共3页Chinese Qinghai Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

基　　金：2005年度青海三江源自然保护区生态保护和建设总体规划科研课题及应用推广招标项目(2005-SN-1);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重大项目(2006BAC01A02)

摘　　要：通过过格姆滩“黑土滩”退化草地一年的禁牧封育，测定了地上生理量及营养成分季节动态，结果表明：“黑土型”退化草地群落优势种为阔叶型杂类草。从2006年8月-10月、10月-翌年的4月、8月-翌年的4月封育草地地上生理量分别损失了44.8%、34.5%、63.8%，植被盖度分别下降了25.1%、18.1%38.7%，放牧草地地上生物量分别损失了44.8%、82.8%、90.2%，植被盖度分别下降了25.1%、61.3%、71.0%。草地的实际利用率为26.3%。从8月-翌年的4月封育草地粗蛋白、粗脂肪、磷均呈下降趋势，粗灰分、粗纤维、无氮浸出物均呈上升趋势；在夏季属氮碳营养型（NC），冬季属碳氮营养型（CN）。The seasonal dynamics of aboveground biomass and nutrition of ＂black soil type＂ degraded grassland in Gemutan was determined after forbidden grazing and exclusion grassland for one year.The results showed that the dominant species of ＂black soil tyoe＂degraded grassland community were forbs. From Aug. to Oct., Oct. to Apr. of the next year and Aug. to Apr. of the next year the loss of aboveground biomass were 44.8 %, 34.5 %, 63.8 %, and vegetation coverage decreased 25.1%, 18.1%,38.7 %, respectively, in exclusion grassland. The loss of aboveground biomass were 44 .8 %, 82.2 %, 90.2%, and vegetation coverage decreased 25.1%, 61.3 %, 71.0 %, recpectively, in grazing grassland. The actual utilization rate of the grassland was 26.3%. From Aug. to Apr. of the next year, the content of crude protein,crude fat and p were decreased tendency ,but the crude fibre,nitrogen-free,crude ash were increased tendency in exclusion grassland.The ＂black soil tyoe＂ degraded grassland belong to nierogen-carbon nutritive type in summer,and carbon-nitrogen nutritive type in wimer.

关 键 词：“黑土型”退化草地 地上生物量 营养成分 季节动态 

分 类 号：S812.3[农业科学—草业科学]