航天诱导凤仙花SP_4代三种不同花色突变系比较  

Comparison on Three Mutant Lines with Different Floral Color in SP_4 Generation Impatiens balsamina (Balsaminaceae) Induced by Spaceflight

作　　者：杨军[1] 李劲涛[1] 汤泽生[2] 谭兴[1] 张秀丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637002 [2]西华师范大学珍稀动植物研究所,四川南充637002

出　　处：《云南植物研究》2008年第2期221-226,共6页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：四川省科技厅应用基础(JY029-055-2);四川省重点学科建设项目(SZD0420)

摘　　要：以航天诱变凤仙花院3株系SP4代中的三种不同花色(粉花、红花、紫花)突变系为材料,对其雄配子体染色体数目、排列方式和花粉活力进行比较分析,并观察了四分孢子时期的分裂情况。将观察结果同SP1、SP2和SP3的观察结果进行跟踪比较。结果发现SP4代粉花和红花突变系的小孢子染色体数目趋向正常。紫花突变系花粉染色体数目正常比例仅为2.88%,平均为10.46条,并且紫色花突变系出现多分孢子、畸形花粉和花粉染色体排列不规则现象。TTC染色统计分析发现,紫花突变系花粉活力较低,而粉花及红花突变系的花粉活力较高。研究结果表明红花和粉花突变系已经趋于稳定,但紫花突变系远未达到稳定。本研究为凤仙花新品种(系)的选育提供了参考。Three mutant lines with pink, red and purple flowers were cultivated from the descendants of lmpatiens balsamina ＂Yuan 3＂ induced by spaceflight. The number and arrangement of chromosomes in their male gametes, their pollen activities, as well as cell division during male gametogenesis were investigated. The results were analyzed comparatively with previous reports in SP1, SP2 and SP3 generations. It was found that chromosome numbers in mutant lines with pink or red flower were close to the normal, while the rate of pollens with normal chromosome number in the mutant line with purple flower was recorded as low as 2.88%, and the average number was 10.46. Furthermore, paraspore, malformed pollen and irregular arrangement of chromosomes in pollens were observed in the line with purple flower. Statistical analysis via TTC staining showed that the activities of pollens in the mutant line with purple flower were very low. However, the other two lines showed obvious high pollen activities. The results suggested that the lines with red or pink flower trend to be stable, but the line with purple flower was far from stableness.

关 键 词：凤仙花 突变系 花粉活力 染色体数目 四分孢子 

分 类 号：S681.1[农业科学—观赏园艺]