家庭居住与机构居住老年人社会支持的比较研究  

COMPARATIVE STUDY IN SOCIAL SUPPORT BETWEEN HOME DWELLING AND INSTITUTION DWELLING OLDER ADULTS

作　　者：陈传锋[1] 金一波[1] 汪莹[2] 刁娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学心理学研究中心 [2]宁波大学教育学院,宁波315211

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2008年第1期23-29,共7页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项目;浙江省教育厅专项任务20051723项目(留学回国人员基金项目);浙江省151人才工程项目(浙人专〔2006〕313号文件)的资助

摘　　要：以65位家庭居住和92位机构居住的老年人为样本,采用Sherbourne和Stewart的MOS社会支持问卷和自编社会支持问卷调查了老年人的社会支持现状,比较了家庭居住与机构居住老年人社会支持的不同特点。结果发现:(1)家庭居住和机构居住老年人在社会支持维度上存在显著差异:在心理支持、行为支持、活动支持等维度上,机构居住的老年人显著高于家庭居住的老年人;而在感情支持维度上家庭居住的老年人显著高于机构居住的老年人。(2)社会支持对老年人的身心健康具有显著影响。(3)性别,年龄,教育水平,职业状况,婚姻状况,子女数量,健在兄弟姐妹数量等人口统计变量对不同居住背景老年人的社会支持有显著影响。In order to compare the difference in social support between older adults who live at home and those who reside in institution housing, 157 older aduhs were investigated by MOS Social Support Questionnaire developed by Sherbourne and Stewart. The results indicated that： 1） Emotional support, tangible social support and positive social interaction of home dwelling older adults were significantly lower than those of institution dwelling older adults; while affectionate support of institution dwelling older adults was significantly lower than home dwelling older adults. 2） The social support of older adults with no mental illness was significantly higher than those with mental illness. 3） Gender, education, occupation, marital status, number of children, number of living sisters and brothers have significant influences on social support of older adults in different dwelling backgrounds. It is suggested that social support of older adults should be improved based on the advantages and disadvantages of different dwelling background.

关 键 词：社会支持 老年人 家庭居住 机构居住 

分 类 号：B844.4[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]