苦参碱和氧化苦参碱的抑菌活性及增效作用  

Antifungal activities and synergetic tests of matrine and oxymatrine to some tree pathogens

作　　者：杨雪云[1] 赵博光[1] 巨云为[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第2期79-82,共4页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30170776)

摘　　要：研究了苦参碱、氧化苦参碱对几种林木病原真菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长的抑制活性。结果表明苦参碱和氧化苦参碱对供试林木病原真菌孢子萌发均有抑制作用,其中苦参碱对杨褐斑病菌和龙竹材霉变菌抑制作用较强,致死中量EC50分别为123、272μg/mL。氧化苦参碱对杉木猝倒病菌抑制作用最强,EC50为26μg/mL,活性比供试的75%百菌清可湿性粉剂(EC50=91μg/mL)和70%甲基托布津可湿性粉剂(EC50=283μg/mL)的活性高。苦参碱和氧化苦参碱对供试林木病原真菌菌丝生长有抑制作用,其中苦参碱对松枯梢病菌抑制作用较强,EC50为428μg/mL;氧化苦参碱对华山松腐烂病菌的抑制作用较强,EC50为323μg/mL。以苦参碱(氧化苦参碱)与合成农药按1∶5质量比混合进行林木病原真菌菌丝生长抑制增效试验,结果表明混剂的EC50均低于34μg/mL,共毒系数明显大于100,对华山松腐烂病菌具显著增效作用,对杉木猝倒病菌具不同程度的相加或增效作用。The anti-fungi activities of matrine and oxymatrine on five forest pathogenic fungi,i, e. , Fusarium oxysporum, Valsa pini,Cladosporium oxysporum, Sphaeropsis sapinea, Marssonina brunnea were examined. The results showed that matine and oxymatrine had strong inhibitory activities on the conidium germination of the fungi. The EC50 values of matrine on M. brunnea, C. oxysporum were 123 μg/mL and 272 μg/mL, respectively. The EC50 value of oxymatrine on F. oxysporum, were 26 μg/mL, which was better than that of 75% chlorthaloni （91 μg/mL） and 70% thiophanate methyl （283 μg/mL）. Matrine and oxymatrine also significantly inhibited the hyphal growth of the fungi. The EC50 value of matrine on S. sapinea, was 428 μg/mL and the ECso value of oxymatrine on V. pini, was 323 μg/mL. In the synergetic tests the EC50 values of the mixtures of thiophanate methyl （or chlorthaloni） and matrine （or oxymatrine） were less than 34 μg/mL while their co-toxicity coefficients were significantly higher than 100. It was suggested that the mixture would have potential utilization in controlling certain forest pathogens.

关 键 词：苦参碱 氧化苦参碱 林木病原真菌 抑菌 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]