基于网络特征的道路生态干扰--以澜沧江流域为例  

Ecological effect of road based on network analysis: a case study in Lancang River Valley

作　　者：刘世梁[1] 温敏霞[1] 崔保山[1] 杨敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《生态学报》2008年第4期1672-1680,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2003CB415104);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40501067)~~

摘　　要：道路网络对区域景观的生态格局和过程产生较大的影响,作为干扰因子,区域道路网络的特征和所产生的生态干扰水平存在一定的相关性。利用GIS和网络分析法,以澜沧江流域县域为基本单元,分析了研究区各县的道路网络特征指数,在揭示了区域道路网络不同特征之间的规律性的基础上,进一步对区域网络特点和生态干扰之间相关性进行了内在关系的探讨。结果表明,澜沧江流域道路网络结构的空间差异很大,流域内各县的道路网络节点数、连接线数目、α环度、β线点率、γ连接度指数等网络特征因子也存在较大差异;道路密度和道路总长度与区域海拔高度呈现较明显的负相关关系;道路密度和区域道路的廊道密度呈现正相关关系,和区域道路的α指数、β指数和γ指数关系可以用倒数模型来拟合。缓冲区分析表明,耕地比例和道路密度线性相关关系显著,而其他类型相关性较差,但区域综合的人工干扰指数(Hd)(1980,2000)和道路网络的特征指数相关显著,而且不同时期的区域景观的斑块密度、平均斑块面积和区域道路网络特征之间也存在较强的相关性,即网络扩展使得区域生态系统受干扰强度增加,破碎化严重,但较短时期内的生态系统变化和道路网络特征之间相关性不显著。Regional ecological pattern and process is an intrinsic disturbance factor in landscape, the is important to regional ecosystem management are influenced by the existence and extension of road networks. As road study of the relationship between road features and its disturbance level We analyzed the characteristic indexes of road network and their relationship at the county scale and further sought the regularity between the index and region ecological disturbance using GIS and network methods. The results showed that the indexes of road network, such as road connectivity nodes number, line number, α circuitry index, β line-node ratio, and γ connectivity index, varied greatly in Lancang River Valley. Road density and road length are negatively correlated with regional elevation. Road density has a positive relation with road corridor number, α connectivity index, β line-node ratio, and γ circuitry index. Linear regression can simulate the relation between road density and line number density while the relationship between road density and α,β, γ indexes can be modeled by reciprocal model. Buffer analysis showed that the percentage of farmland type is significantly linearly correlated with road density while other types have no significant relationship. Human disturbance index （Hd）, patch density and average patch area （1980, 2000） have a significantly positive relationship with α,β, γ indexes which suggest the ecological disturbance increased and ecosystem fragmentation was intensified with the network expanding. However, the correlation between ecological change and road network index was not significant in relatively short period.

关 键 词：道路网络 道路干扰 网络结构 澜沧江 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]