缺血性卒中患者的危险因素分析  

Analysis of risk factors in patients with ischemic stroke

作　　者：耿介立[1] 林岩[1] 徐群[1] 施国文[1] 李红伟[1] 陈莺[1] 李焰生[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院仁济医院神经内科,上海200127

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（医学版）》2008年第4期409-413,共5页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University:Medical Science

基　　金：上海市科委重大攻关项目(03DZ19704)~~

摘　　要：目的研究缺血性卒中患者危险因素的分布情况以反映卒中二级预防的负担。方法前瞻性调查478例连续的脑卒中门诊的缺血性卒中患者的人口学、个人疾病史和不良生活方式,计算单个危险因素的百分比、危险因素的累积数目和组合情况。结果在所调查的危险因素中,高血压（77.2%）、血脂异常（66.7%）和吸烟（42.9%）列前3位。有0～7个危险因素的患者百分比依次为1.5%、8.6%、30.1%、29.7%、19.9%、6.7%、3.3%和0.2%。在具有2种危险因素的患者中,主要的危险因素组合为高血压和血脂异常（28.5%）、吸烟和血脂异常（13.2%）、高血压和吸烟（10.4%）、高血压和糖尿病（10.4%）。结论高血压是卒中预防的重中之重。改变不良生活方式是卒中预防的重要环节。90%的患者有2种或2种以上的危险因素,是缺血性卒中的高危人群,应对之综合干预,多数患者需要更严格的治疗靶目标。Objective To investigate the distribution of risk factors in patients with ischemic stroke and to reflect the burden for prevention of stroke. Methods Data of demographic characteristics,individual history and life style of 478 serial patients with ischemic stroke were prospectively collected in stroke clinic.The percentages of single risk factors were calculated.In addition,cumulative number and combination of risk factors were gained. Results Hypertension（77.2%）,dyslipidemia（66.7%）,cigarette smoking（42.9%） were the most prevalent risk factors.The percentage of patients with coexisting ＂zero to seven＂ kinds of risk factors were 1.5%,8.6%, 30.1%,29.7%,19.9%,6.7%,3.3%,and 0.2%,respectively.The most common types of 2 risk factor combinations were： hypertension with dyslipidemia（28.5%）,cigarette smoking with dyslipidemia（13.2%）,hypertension with cigarette smoking（10.4%）,and hypertension with diabetes（10.4%）. Conclusion Hypertension should be the target for secondary prevention of ischemic stroke,and modification of lifestyle is also important.Meanwhile,risk factors should be controled comprehensively and strictly because 90% patients were at high risk as they had two or more kinds of risk factors.

关 键 词：缺血性卒中 危险因素 二级预防 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]