电动增压器减少柴油机加速烟度的试验  

Using Electric Supercharger to Reduce Smoke Emission from Diesel Engine at Acceleration Process

作　　者：姚春德[1] 刘小平[1] 周红秀[1] 黄钰[1] 李帅[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学内燃机国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2008年第4期118-122,共5页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20533040，50376045，50576064)

摘　　要：柴油机在突然加速或加载过程中,进入气缸中的空气量跟不上加油量的变化速率,使瞬态过量空气系数以及混合气形成质量下降,导致燃烧不良,排放烟度恶化。通过在原进气管并联一电动增压器,改变发动机由自然进气为电动增压进气,从而增加加速时的进气量。试验结果表明,按照车用柴油机加速工况,选择恒转矩加速和恒转速加载两种瞬态工况在台架上进行进气增压试验,电动增压器在两种加速工况能够实现快速补气,改善柴油机燃烧质量,降低排放烟度,并提高其动力性,尤其在低转速和大转矩工况下效果明显。During quickly accelerating and sharply increasing load,the mass rate of air to engine doesn＇t consist with the variation of fuel flow,which results in air-fuel ratio decrease and makes the quality of mixture bad.As a result,the combustion of engine becomes worse and the smoke emission increases.To solve this problem,the air intake is modified by installing an electric supercharger （ES） in parallel with the original intake manifold,which makes the intake air be boosted to engine by the ES during the transient opera- tions.Test results showed that ES injecting air to engine under transient operating conditions of increasing speed or torque improves the combustion quality of engine and reduces the smoke emission,as well as boost power output.The improvement is more remarkable especially under the low speed and high torque transient conditions.

关 键 词：电动增压器 柴油机 瞬态 排放烟度 

分 类 号：U464.172[机械工程—车辆工程] U469.74[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]