煤炭地下气化灰渣浸泡实验及Zn、Cd、Pb、As环境效应分析  

Leaching test of Zn,Cd,Pb,As in UCG residues for the environmental impact assessment

作　　者：李玉兰[1] 刘鑫[1] 邵素军[1] 赵婧[1] 梁杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2008年第2期80-82,共3页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50574096);湖南农业大学科学基金项目(07WD25)

摘　　要：为研究煤炭地下气化灰渣的环境效应,主要是对地下水的影响,以洛阳半焦煤为研究对象,进行煤炭地下气化的模型实验。取气化后的灰渣浸泡,测定浸出液中Zn、Cd、Pb和As4种元素的质量浓度。浸出液中Zn、Cd和As的质量浓度均低于地下水Ⅲ级标准,在饮用水允许的浓度范围内,不会对地下水造成多大污染;Pb的质量浓度在地下水Ⅴ类标准内,可能会对地下水造成一定污染,现场应考虑采取适当处理措施。4种元素的质量浓度均远低于浸出毒性鉴别标准值,因而不属于具有浸出毒性的危险废物。研究表明洛阳半焦煤地下气化灰渣中的Zn、Cd、Pb和As对环境的影响较小,不会对地下水产生多大影响。但在现场的工业试验中,由于长期的积累作用,也可能使元素的累积浓度超过地下水允许浓度,应定期监测。The present paper is to report the given authors＇ study on the environmental effect of the residues of the underground coal gasification （UCG）, especially, that on the ground water, by using the UCG model experiment and the leaching test of the said residues. The above said semi-coke coal samples were taken from Luoyang Semi-coke Coal Mine, Henan. In our testing and experiment, we have determined four trace elements in the leachate （Zn, Cd, Pb and As）. The leaching results from our experiments show that the concentrations of Zn, Cd and As prove to be all lower than that of standard of grade m formulated in the Quality standard for ground water, which are all kept within the limited concentrations of drinking water in the state standard. Moreover, Pb concentration is the only one lower than grade V . Therefore, though 1% may pollute ground water to some extent, it would be easier to get it controlled with certain measures in situ. Fortunately, the concentrations of the 4 elements are all far lower than the standard limit for extraction toxicity. All in all, the environmental impact, especially, the effect on the ground water of the 4 elements in the residues of UCG of Luoyang semi-coke of coal is so far not very serious. However. from the point of view of the long-term accumulation of harmful elements in the environment, the likely-to-be accumulated concentration may overstep the permitted content, which may be necessary to make regular testing and determination.

关 键 词：环境科学 浸泡实验 煤炭地下气化 灰渣 环境效应 

分 类 号：X820.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]