谁赴松锦吊忠魂——《燕行录》的史料价值之七  

WHO WENT TO SONG JIN TO MOURN FOR THE DEAD?——the Historical Value of Yan Xing Lu

作　　者：邱瑞中[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学图书馆,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《内蒙古师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2008年第2期112-119,共8页Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：崇祯十四、十五年,明清在山海关外松锦前线的大决战,以明军丧师,主帅降敌结束,明朝从此失去了关外的优势。松锦战役的第二阶段,即崇祯十五年春,战事不多,清人以逼降为主。洪承畴、祖大寿投降后,其部下和当地百姓命运如何,中国现存的史料不见说明。据清顺治年间的《燕行录》记载,清人在当时实施了杀降和屠城兽行。朝鲜的使臣用诗歌和《日记》记载了他们途经这块土地上之所见所闻,凭吊了埋葬在这里的万名忠魂。In the 14^th and 15^th year of Chongzhen＇s reign, the Ming Dynasty carried out the decisive battle against the Qing Dynasty on the Song Jin frontier beyond Shanhai Guan. The Ming troops were defeated and the generals surrendered and the Ming Dynasty lost its superiorities outside Shanhai Guan. At the second stage of Song Jin Battle, that is, in the spring of the 15th year, there was not much fight but more of Qing＇s coerce to surrender. What happened to their soldiers and the local people after Hong Chengchou and Zu Dashou （two famous generals in the Ming Dynasty） surrendered？ As for this, the existent historical materials do not offer any explanations. It seems that they surrendered, too. According to the book Yan Xing Records （a compilation of information recorded by Korean diplomatic envoys to China in Ming and Qing Dynasties）, the Qing solidiers massacred all the surrendered soldiers and civilians barbarously. The envoys from Korea wrote down what they saw and heard in poems and Diaries to mourn for the hundreds of thousands of people who died for the country.

关 键 词：崇祯末年 松锦决战 杀降屠城 朝鲜使臣 燕行录 

分 类 号：K204[历史地理—历史学]