重庆中坝遗址地层Na-Ca元素含量揭示的制盐业兴衰史  

Rise and Decline of Ancient Salt Industry Revealed by the Concentrations of Na and Ca in Sediments at Zhongba Site

作　　者：朱诚[1] 姜逢清[2] 马春梅[1] 徐伟峰[1] 黄林燕[1] 郑朝贵[3] 李兰[1] 孙智彬 

机构地区：[1]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京210093 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]安徽滁州学院地理系,滁州239012 [4]四川省文物考古研究院,成都610041

出　　处：《地理学报》2008年第5期524-534,共11页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(90411015);高校博士点基金(20050284011);南京大学重大基础预研项目(0209005206);中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLLQG0503);南京大学现代分析中心测试基金(0209001309)~~

摘　　要：在对中坝和玉溪遗址考古断代和AMS14C测年基础上,根据对中坝遗址201个地层样品ICP等离子发射光谱的Na、Ca、Mg元素测定及玉溪遗址47个地层样品的Na、Ca元素测定,发现中坝制盐遗址地层中存在明显的Na、Ca元素含量反向相关期有35处之多,即:当Ca元素为峰值时,Na元素为谷值,反之亦然。其中,Ca元素为峰值、Na元素为谷值的反向相关期有21次,揭示出中坝遗址近5ka来制盐业有过近21个兴盛期。另有14个Na元素为峰值、Ca元素为谷值的反向相关期,揭示中坝遗址近5ka来制盐业也有过近14个衰落期。考古发掘得出的"中坝制盐业萌发于新石器时代、夏商发展、西周至汉代为鼎盛期、唐宋时代维持稳定发展、宋以后由于海盐进入川江地区导致中坝制盐业逐渐衰落、但20世纪70-80年代仍有生产"的结论证明本文Na、Ca元素含量反向相关性得出的研究结果是正确的。以上研究结果表明,中坝制盐遗址中Na、Ca元素含量有明显的反向相关规律,这一规律可以用于揭示盐业遗址的制盐业兴衰过程历史。On the basis of archeological period division and AMS^14C dating to the sedimentary layers at Zhongba and Yuxi sited, and according to the analysis results of Na, Ca and Mg in 201 sedimentary samples from Zhongba site and that of Ca and Na in 47 sedimentary samples from Yuxi site by using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （ICP）, we found that there were 35 correlation periods when the contents of Ca and Na were reversely correlated, that is to say, whenever the content of Ca was the highest, the content of Na was the lowest, and vice versa. Among them, there were 21 correlation periods when the content of Ca was the highest, and Na was the lowest, indicating that there were about 21 prosperous periods of ancient salt production at Zhongba site since 3000 BC. Other 14 correlation periods with the peak values of Na while the low values of Ca indicate that there were about 14 declined periods of salt production at Zhongba site since 3000 BC. The conclusion obtained from the reverse relationship between Ca and Na contents in this paper is consistent with that ＂the salt production at Zhongba site started in the new stone age, developed in the Xia and Shang dynasties, reached at the heyday in periods from the Western Zhou to the Han Dynasties, maintained stable to develop in the Tang and the Song dynasties, and gradually declined after the Song Dynasty because the sea salt was conveyed into Sichuan region, however, still had production in the 1970s and 1980s educed from archeological exploration.

关 键 词：重庆 中坝遗址 Na-Ca元素 制盐业 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]