采用力化学方法调控制备纳米蒙脱土尺寸与结构的研究  

Study on the size and microstructure of nano-montmorillonite prepared by controlling the mechano-chemistry methods

作　　者：张丽[1] 敖宁建[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生物医学工程系,广东广州510632

出　　处：《电子显微学报》2008年第2期108-111,共4页Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society

基　　金：四川大学高分子材料工程国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目

摘　　要：采用酰胺和醇类等作为扩层剂,在超声、球磨和胶体磨等力化学作用下由蒙脱土原土制得纳米蒙脱土,并通过SEM、XRD对所制蒙脱土进行分析。结果表明,通过扩层剂预处理和力化学作用,蒙脱土片层大部分被剥离,片层厚度为30nm^50nm,片层尺寸减至5μm^20μm。比较所用四种扩层剂,以1,4-丁二醇和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺处理的蒙脱土纳米程度最好,并且机械力的作用时间越长,粒径越小,因此可通过机械力作用时间与扩层剂,实现对蒙脱土纳米尺寸的调控。采用力化学方法直接制备纳米蒙脱土具有生产成本低、无污染、设备简单易推广等优点,可应用于制备高性能聚合物纳米复合材料。Mter adding acylamide or alcohols as chemical expansion, the nano-montmorillonite（MMT） was obtained by using mechanochemistry methods including ultrasonic, colloid miller and ball miller. The treated MMT ware characterized by X-ray diffraction and SEM. The results show that, the thickness of laminar clay reached about 30 nm - 50 nm and the size of laminar clay reduced to 5 μm - 20 μm. The X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that exfoliation occurred by the effect of mechanochemistry and chemical expansion. Both 1 ,4-Butanediol and N, N- Dimethylformamide could obtain better＇nanosize of MMT layer compared to the other two chemical expansion. Besides, the longer the time of mechano-treatment it took, the smaller the grains size of MMT could be obtained, which implicated that different size of nano-MMT could be produced by controlling the time of mechano-treating. The treatment by mechano-chemistry is superior to the traditional methods not only in predigested process, no-contaminated and low cost, but also in being more widely used in producing high quality nanocomposite.

关 键 词：蒙脱土 力化学 纳米尺寸 纳米结构 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]