长江中下游浅水湖沉积物中有机质及其组分的赋存特征  

Distribution of total organic matter and the forms on the sediments from shallow lakes in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

作　　者：易文利[1,2,3] 王圣瑞[2] 金相灿[2] 王国栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学理学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国环境科学研究院湖泊生态环境创新基地,国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室,北京100012 [3]宝鸡文理学院地理科学与环境工程系,陕西宝鸡721007

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第5期141-148,共8页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家“973”重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB412304)

摘　　要：【目的】为富营养化湖泊治理提供参考依据。【方法】应用物理化学方法,研究了长江中下游浅水湖沉积物中总有机质（OM）、活性有机质（LOM）、溶解性有机质（DOM）、轻组有机质（LFOM）和重组有机质（HFOM）的赋存特征。【结果】①长江中下游浅水湖泊11个沉积物的OM含量为9.80～110.04 g/kg;②由化学分组法了解到沉积物LOM含量为2.48～26.32 g/kg,占OM的19.62%～31.86%;DOM含量为1.13～3.40 g/kg,占OM的2.41%～11.59%;③由物理分组法了解到LFOM含量为0.34～9.78 g/kg,占OM的2.25%～16.89%;HFOM含量为8.68～100.26 g/kg,占OM的83.11%～97.75%;④DOM紫外-可见吸收光谱中,E3/E4值在3～6;⑤OM中的LOM、DOM、LFOM、HFOM两两之间呈显著正相关,且均与沉积物TP、CEC和粉沙粒（Silt）存在显著正相关关系,与粗沙粒（Sand）、SiO2存在显著负相关关系。【结论】在本研究条件下,长江中下游浅水湖泊沉积物中城市湖泊的有机质及组分含量均大于自然湖泊;DOM紫外-可见吸收光谱表明,浅水湖泊沉积物DOM腐殖化程度较低。[Objective] The study offered theoretical statistics in order to control Eutrophication lakes. [Method] Distribution of total organic matters （OM）,Labile organic matter （LOM）,dissolved organic matter （DOM）, Light fraction organic matter（LFOM）, Heavy fraction organic matter（HFOM） on the sediments from .shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were investigated by using physical chemistry methods. [Result] ①Contents of OM of 11lake sediment samples of the studied region were 9.80-110.04 g/kg;②LOM,DOM by the chemical separation were 2.48-26.32 g/kg, 1. 13-3.40 g/kg, accounting for 19.62 - 31.86 G, 2.41% - 11.59 % of total OM respectively ; ③ LFOM and HFOM by physical density separation were 0.34-9.78 g/kg,8. 68-100. 26 g/kg,accounting for 2.25%-16.89% and 83.11%-97.75% of total OM respectively;④The E3/E4 values ranged from 3 to 6 of the DOM UVVis absorbance;⑤LOM,DOM, LFOM and HFOM had remarkable positive correlation between them respectively. There was remarkable positive correlation with the contents of TP,CEC and silt of the studied samples respectively, but remarkable negative correlation with the contents of their sand, SiO2. [Conclusion] The present study showed that the composition and total content of organic matter in the sediments of city lake sediments were mone than those of the natural lake,among the shallow lakes and lower reaches of Yangtze River;the DOM UV-Vis absorbance showed the humification level of DOM was relatively low.

关 键 词：湖泊沉积物 总有机质 活性有机质 溶解性有机质 轻组和重组有机质 

分 类 号：X132[环境科学与工程—环境科学]