基尼系数法在水污染物总量区域分配中的应用  

Application of Gini Coefficient in Total Waste Load District Allocation for Surface-water

作　　者：王媛[1] 牛志广[1] 王伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2008年第3期177-180,共4页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:40501026);天津市自然科学基金(编号:07JCYBJC07200)资助

摘　　要：水污染物总量的区域初始分配是实施污染物总量控制工作的起点,直接影响到排污许可证的发放工作。如何实现水污染物目标总量初始分配的公平性是要解决的关键问题。通过综合考虑待分配区域的经济、自然等客观因素,筛选出既能充分代表地区水环境承载力,又与总量分配密切相关的指标,应用经济学中衡量居民收入分配公平程度的基尼系数的概念,建立以基尼系数最小化为目标的规划模型,通过设定合理的运算规则和约束条件构建优化方程,制定基于公平性的水污染物总量的区域初始分配方案。初始分配后,可以在区域内部建立排污许可证交易制度,通过企业间的交易,实现社会总体治污成本最小化的目标。The first step of total water waste load control is district allocation, which impact directly pollutant discharge permit operation. It is a key problem to settle water waste first allocation based on equity principle. The economics and nature factor of pending district are considered, and indexes are chosen to reflect regional carrying capacity of water environment and total water waste load district allocation. According to the concept of Gini coefficient which is an index to estimate equity of the income, a goal programming model is established for Girfi coefficient minimum. The projects of total waste load district allocation for surface-water is proposed by optimize equation with reasonable operational rule and constraints.

关 键 词：基尼系数 区域总量分配 公平性 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X32