野生半夏人工栽培条件下的生长与繁殖  

Growth and propagation of wild Pinella ternata in cultivation

作　　者：曾小群[1] 彭正松[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2008年第8期878-883,共6页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：四川省杰出青年基金后续项目(05ZQ026-041);四川省重点学科建设项目(SZD0420)

摘　　要：目的：研究野生半夏在人工栽培条件下的生长与繁殖，为半夏人工栽培提供参考依据。方法：对在四川、重庆、陕西境内收集的46个不同的野生半夏种材，进行田间比较试验。结果与结论：块茎质量在0．51～2．00g（直径0．9～1．5cm）的半夏块茎增重和总增重都较大，其增产效益较好；生长速度较大的为采自篷安、射洪、中江、乐至、泸县的居群，繁殖能力较强的为采自乐至、广元、篷安、简阳的居群；栽培0．30g（直径0．7cm）以上的块茎，出苗率可达到90％左右；株芽与质量相当的块茎在生长上无显著差异；在块茎质量与居群2种影响产量增加的因素中，块茎质量是影响块茎增重比例及总增重比例的主要因素；收获块茎重、株芽个数与块茎质量极显著正相关，块茎增重、块茎增重比例、总增重比例与块茎质量呈极显著负相关，总增重与块茎质量负相关。根据试验数据得出块茎直径、出苗率、块茎增重、总增重、块茎增重比例、总增重比例、株芽个数等生长、繁殖指标与块茎质量的曲线估计模型，并提出能获得较高效益的栽培策略。Objective： To study the growth and propagation of Pinella ternata in cultivation. Method： Forty six populations of P. ternata originated from Sicbuan, Shanxi province and cbongqing city were collected and cultivated in experimental field under the same cultivation condition. Result and conclusion： Reproduction tubers at the weight of 0.51-2.00 g （ diameter 0.9 - 1.5 cm） bad higher increments of tubers and general weight. The P. ternata populations originated from Peng-an county, Shebong county, Zbongjiang county, Lezbi county, Lu county grew faster, on the other band, the populations originated from Lezbi county, Guangyuan county, Peng-an county, Jianyang county bad stronger ability of propagation. The sprouting rate of above 0.30 g （diameter 0.7 cm） tubers was about 90%. There was no significant difference in the growth between tubers and bulbils that have the same weight. The two factors that affected the yield increment were weight range and population, and the former was the main one. Significantly positive correlations were found between weight of reproduction tuber and weight of harvested tubers, number of bulbils. However, significantly negative correlations were found between weight of reproduction tuber and weight increments of tubers, increments proportion of tubers and general weight, and a negative correlations was found between weight of reproduction tuber and general weight increments. Curveestimated models were conjectured about the weight of reproduction tuber and growth or propagation parameters such as the diameter, the sprouting rate, increments of tubers and general weight, increments proportion of tubers and general weight and the number of bulbils. Some proposals to improve the cultivation of P. ternate were suggested.

关 键 词：半夏 块茎 居群 生长 繁殖 人工栽培 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]