喀斯特环境移民迁出区植物多样性研究  

Plant diversity during natural recovery process of vegetation in Karst environmental emigrant areas

作　　者：陈志辉[1] 王克林[1] 陈洪松[1] 何寻阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2008年第3期723-727,共5页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划重大项目(KZCX2-XB2-08);中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划项目资助

摘　　要：本文运用"空间代替时间"的方法,对移民迁出区的植物多样性进行了调查研究,结果表明:不同植物群落演替阶段草本层物种多样性指数相对较为稳定,而均匀度指数与丰富度指数相对变化较大;各样地灌木层物种多样性指数总体上有缓慢递增趋势;乔木样地乔木层的物种多样性指数基本无变化,但是物种丰富度呈现递增趋势,而均匀度先缓慢上升转而迅速下降;同一群落内物种多样性比较基本上是灌木层>草本层;乔木林的分层多样性比较表现出灌木层>乔木层>草本层的规律。从整个群落总变化趋势看,随着恢复年限的增加和演替阶段的提高,整个群落的物种多样性指数呈明显的阶段跳跃性增长,出现多样性指数乔木林>灌丛>草丛的规律。实施环境移民工程10年来,植被群落各演替阶段的物种丰富度与多样性稳步增加,封育后植被恢复效果明显,生态环境得到了极大改善。Plant species diversity was surveyed via space-time substitution method in Karst environmental emigrant areas. The results show that, along restoration age elongation, species diversity of herb layer as measured by the Shannon and Simpson indices is relatively more stable than that of Pielou and Gleason. Generally, species diversity of shrub layer gradually increases, while species diversity of arboreal layer measured bythe Shannon and Simpson indices has no significant variation, though plant richness of Gleason index gradually increases and Pielou index evenness increases gradually initially and then sharply decreases among surveyed communities. Species diversity of herb layer is lower than that of shrub layer within the same community. Species diversity of the three layers in arboral community follows the order of： shrub 〉 tree 〉 herb. Generally, with successive restoration age elongation, species diversity of whole communities increases sharply as community grow from herbaceous into shrub, and into aboreal communities, with the following diversity index order ： arbor community 〉 shrub community 〉 herb community. Plant species richness and diversity in different successive stages increase steadily owing to reclamation restriction from Karst environmental emigrant projects, showing remarkable vegetation restoration and significant quality improvement in ecological environment.

关 键 词：喀斯特 环境移民 植被恢复 物种多样性 空间代替时间 

分 类 号：X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]