颅内表皮样囊肿和成熟畸胎瘤破裂五例  

Ruptured intracranial epidermoid cyst and mature teratomas： 5 cases report

作　　者：张喜安[1] 漆松涛[1] 张嘉林[1] 方陆雄[1] 彭林[1] 潘军[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市南方医科大学南方医院神经外科,510515

出　　处：《中华神经外科杂志》2008年第5期366-368,共3页Chinese Journal of Neurosurgery

摘　　要：目的总结颅内表皮样囊肿和畸胎瘤破裂的临床特点和治疗结果。方法回顾分析5例颅内表皮样囊肿和成熟畸胎瘤破裂患者的临床表现、影像学特点、治疗方法和预后。结果5例患者病变均位于蝶鞍区，1例为外伤导致破裂，4例为自发破裂，主要症状是头痛和癫痫，影像学上可见特征性的脂性溢出物，表现为蛛网膜下腔和脑室内的T1高信号颗粒，在脂肪抑制序列呈低信号，手术后症状均消失。结论颅内表皮样囊肿和畸胎瘤破裂具有特殊的影像学表现，磁共振成像的T1加权像和脂肪抑制成像对诊断最有价值，手术治疗可切除病变、缓解症状，预后良好。Objective To summarize the clinical features and surgical results of ruptured intracranial epidermoid cyst and teratoma. Method The clinical presentation, radiological characteristics, treatment method, and prognosis of five cases of ruptured intracranial epidermoid cyst and mature teratomas were retrospectively analyzed. Results The primary lesions located around the sellar region in all cases. The rupture was caused by head trauma in one case, and occurs spontaneously in four cases. The main symptoms were headache and generalized epilepsy. In the radiological imaging, the characteristic lipid material could be found in the subarachnoid space and ventricles, which was hyperintense in Tl-weighted magnetic resonance images and hypointense in fat-suppression images. All patients were symptom-free after surgery. Conclusions Ruptured intracranial epidermoid cyst and teratoma have unique radiological features in magnetic resonance imaging. The Tl-weighted images and fat-suppression images are most valuable for diagnosis. Surgical treatment can remove the lesion, alleviate the symptom and obtain good results.

关 键 词：表皮样囊肿 畸胎瘤 中枢神经系统 磁共振成像 

分 类 号：R739.4[医药卫生—肿瘤] R651[医药卫生—临床医学]