盐敏感性对青少年远期血压变化及高血压发生的影响  

Salt-Sensitivity and Developement of Blood Pressure From Adolescents to Youth

作　　者：牟建军[1] 杨军 刘治全[1] 刘卫民[1] 任洁[1] 浦晓梅[1] 徐祥麟 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院,陕西西安710061 [2]陕西汉中市心血管病病研究所,陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《中华高血压杂志》2008年第5期400-403,共4页Chinese Journal of Hypertension

基　　金：国家“863”高新技术研究发展计划“十五”专项 (2002BA711A08)

摘　　要：目的探索盐敏感性对青少年远期血压变化及高血压发生影响。方法 1987年在陕西汉中农村对4623名6～15岁在校学生进行血压等相关因素调查的基础上,选310名儿童经口服盐水负荷与速尿利钠缩溶试验方法,确定盐敏感性,其中盐敏感组101例,盐不敏感组209例,于2005年进行随访。结果基线样本310例,共随访到223例(盐敏感者71例,盐不敏感者152例),总随访率71.9%,其中盐敏感者随访率70.3%,盐不敏感者随访率72.7%;盐敏感组儿童18年后血压增幅较大,无论收缩压还是舒张压均显著大于盐不敏感者[收缩压:(122.9±13.1)vs(117.3±12.4)mmHg,P<0.01;舒张压:(78.2±10.4)vs(74.7±10.8)mmHg,P<0.05];盐敏感组随访远期高血压(≥140/90 mmHg)患病率显著大于盐不敏感者(15.5%vs 6.3%,RR=2.46,P<0.05)。结论盐敏感儿童远期随访血压增幅大,高血压发生率显著大于盐不敏感者,前者是青少年高血压发病的独立危险因素。Objective To study the effects of salt-sensitivity on evolution of blood pressure and developement to hypertension from adolescents to youth. Methods A baseline survey was carried out in 4623 adolescents aged 6- 15 years old in Hanzhong rural area in 1987, 310 of them were recruited for determination of salt sensitivity using the tests of oral saline load and furosemide sodium-volume depletion. Salt sensitivity （SS） were diagnosed in 101 while 209 subjects as no-salt sensitivity（NSS）. This cohort of adolescents were followed up for average 18 years. Results The response rate for this cohort of adolescents was 71.9%. At the end of follow up period, BP in subjects with baseline SS was higher in youth than that in NSS （SBP：122.9±13.1 vs 117.3±12.4, P〈0.01 ; DBP： 78.2±10.4 vs 74.7±10.8, P〈0.05）. The incidence of hypertension in salt sensitivity group was higher than that in NSS during follow up period（15.5% vs 6.3%, RR=2.46, P〈0.05）. Conclusion The increases in BP as well as incidence of hypertension in follow up duration were much greater in the adolescents with salt sensitivity, indicating salt sensitivity is a risk factor for developement for hypertension.

关 键 词：血压 盐敏感性 易患因素 青少年 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R541.4[医药卫生—内科学]