大黄鱼幼鱼对饲料中的锌需要量  

Dietary zinc requirement of juvenile large yellow croaker,Pseudosciaena crocea

作　　者：张佳明[1] 艾庆辉[1] 麦康森[1] 张璐[1] 张春晓[1] 刘付志国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《水产学报》2008年第3期417-424,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30400335);国家"十五"攻关计划(2004BA526B-06);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD03B03);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-07-0776)

摘　　要：以初始体重为（1．78±0．02）g的大黄鱼为实验对象，在室内流水系统（养殖桶规格：200L）中进行为期8周的摄食生长实验，研究大黄鱼对饲料中锌的需要量。通过在基础饲料中添加ZnSO4·H2O使饲料中锌含量分别达到9．68、30．63、48．94、91．28、167．49和326．81mg·kg^-1。每种饲料设3个重复，每个重复放养40尾大黄鱼。实验采取饱食投喂方式，每天投喂2次（05：30和17：30），实验期间水温为26．5—29．5℃，盐度为25—28，溶解氧含量在7mg·L^-1左右。实验结果表明各饲料处理组成活率（84．2％-96．7％）无显著差异。随着饲料中锌含量的增加，大黄鱼的特定生长率（SGR）显著升高[（2．47—2．77）％·d^-1，P〈0．05]，且在91．28mg·kg^-1锌饲料组达最大值（2．77％·d^-1），然而，随着饲料中锌含量的进一步增加，SGR维持在一相对稳定水平，各处理组间体蛋白（14．0％-15．0％），体脂肪（5．4％-6．1％），灰分（3．7％-4．1％）及水分含量（76．1％-77．9％）均无显著差异（P〉0．05）。饲料锌含量显著影响大黄鱼脊椎骨、全鱼和血清中锌的含量，而对肝脏锌含量无显著影响。以SGR与骨骼锌含量为评价指标，根据折线模型得出大黄鱼对饲料中锌的需要量分别为59．6和84．6mg·kg^-1。A growth experiment was conducted to determine the dietary zinc requirement for juvenile large yellow croaker [ initial average weight （ 1.78 ±0.02 ） g ]. Six semi-purified diets were formulated to contain 9.68, 30.63, 48.94, 91.28, 167.49 and 326.81 mg zinc per kg diet, supplied as ZnSO4· H2O. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of fish in flow-through system, and each tank was stocked with 40 juvenile fish. Fish were fed twice daily （05：30 and 17：30） to apparent satiation for 8 weeks. The water temperature fluctuated from 26.5 to 29.5 ℃, salinity from 25 to 28 and dissolved oxygen was approximately 7 mg·L^-1 during the experimental period. No significant differences in survival were found among dietary treatments. Specific growth rate （SGR） significantly increased with increasing dietary zinc from 9.7 to 48.9 mg·kg^- 1 of diet （P 〈 0.05）, and then leveled off. Zinc content in the vertebrae, whole body and serum was significantly affected by dietary zinc level （P 〈 0.05）. No significant difference was observed in body protein（ 14.0% - 15.0 % ）, lipid（5.4 % - 6.1% ）, ash（3.7 % - 4.1% ） and moisture （ 76.1% - 77.9 % ） among dietary treartment （P 〉 0.05）. Broken-line analysis showed that the optimum dietary zinc requirement for large yellow croaker juveniles, using SGR and vertebrae zinc saturation as response criteria, was 59.6 and 84.6 mg zinc per kg diet, respectively.

关 键 词：大黄鱼 锌需要量 摄食生长 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]