不同作物与玉米间作对玉米吸收积累镉的影响  

Effects of intercropping different crops with maize on the Cd uptake by maize.

作　　者：李凝玉[1] 李志安[1] 丁永祯[1] 邹碧[1] 庄萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物园

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2008年第6期1369-1373,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30630015,30670393);广东省科技计划项目(2006A36703004);广东省自然科学基金项目(5006760);中国科学院知识创新工程方向性资助项目(KSCX2-SW-133)

摘　　要：采用盆栽技术,研究了7种间作作物对玉米吸收积累镉(Cd)的影响.结果表明,多数间作作物对玉米生物量没有明显影响,只有扁豆对玉米生长有较明显的抑制作用,使玉米生物量降至对照的67.8%.间作豆科作物大幅提高玉米的Cd积累总量,其中鹰嘴豆的作用最为明显,使玉米对Cd的累积量增加1倍以上.7种间作植物对Cd也有不同水平的吸收,其中,油菜与籽粒苋可在地上部大量积累Cd(油菜地上部Cd浓度达53.9mg·kg-1,籽粒苋达51.0mg·kg-1),且籽粒苋根的Cd含量高达91.8mg·kg-1(土壤Cd为3mg·kg-1).间作植物与玉米对Cd的吸收具有不同的交互作用特征,豆科作物在自身较少吸收Cd的条件下,显著提高了玉米对Cd的积累;籽粒苋在自身大量累积Cd的同时,一定程度上抑制了与其间作的玉米的Cd累积量;油菜地上部分吸收较多的Cd,但降低了玉米地上部分Cd含量.研究表明,如果将玉米作为大生物量的Cd污染修复植物来应用,可将其与豆科植物间作,以提高Cd清除效率;籽粒苋与油菜具有大量积累Cd的能力,可作为Cd污染土壤的修复植物.A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of intercropping 7 kinds of crops on the Cd uptake by maize （Zea mays L. ）. The results showed that most intercrops had no significant effects on the growth of maize, only with purple haricot reduced the maize biomass by 32.2% of the control. Legume crops enhanced the total quantity of Cd in maize in a great magnitude, and chickpea worked most efficiently, which doubled the Cd quantity in maize. The 7 intercrops showed different capability of Cd uptake, among which, rape and amaranth absorbed larger amount of Cd, with a Cd level of 53.9 mg·kg^-1 and 51.0 mg ·kg^-1 in their aboveground parts, respectively, and of 91.8 mg ·kg^-1 in amaranth root when the soil Cd content was 3 mg ·kg^-1 soil. There was an interaction between maize and intercrops in Cd uptake. Legumes absorbed smaller amount of Cd but significantly increased the Cd uptake by maize, while amaranth was in ad- verse. Rape had a higher level of Cd concentration in its shoot, but reduced the Cd in aboveground part of maize. It was indicated that if maize was used for phytoremediation of Cd-eontaminated soil, a higher efficiency of Cd removal could be achieved by intercropping it with legumes. Rape and amaranth could be the two promising plants for phytoremediation because of their high Cd accumulation.

关 键 词：玉米 间作 镉 重金属 植物修复 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]