纵向岭谷区的怒江跨境径流量变化特征  

Transboundary Flow Change Features of the Nujiang River in the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region

作　　者：尤卫红[1] 吴湘云 郭志荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学资源环境与地球科学学院,云南昆明650091 [2]云南省丽江教育学院,云南丽江674100

出　　处：《山地学报》2008年第1期22-28,共7页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“纵向岭谷区的气候变化及其对江河跨境径流量的影响”(40575046);国家重大基础研究发展计划(973计划)“纵向岭谷区生态系统变化及西南跨境生态安全研究”(2003CB415100);云南省自然科学基金项目“澜沧江-湄公河月季年径流量变化的气候成因及预测研究”(2004D0005M)~~

摘　　要：以纵向岭谷区的怒江跨境径流量观测数据为基础,应用统计分析方法,研究了怒江跨境径流量的变化特征和规律。结论为:怒江的跨境径流量主要集中在雨季(5～10月),其间的径流量约占全年的82%,径流量的这种年内变化特征说明怒江在年内为雨水补给为主的河流;雨季的怒江跨境径流量在年跨境径流总量中的比重从20世纪60年代中期以来总体是呈下降的趋势;从年际变化上来说,怒江属于高山冰雪融水和雨水混合补给型河流,从20世纪70年代开始,怒江跨境径流量的年际变化就开始呈显著增加的时间演变趋势;径流量最长有可达6个月的持续性,出现在9月;总体来看,怒江跨境径流量的年代际大尺度变化特征主要表现在20世纪80年代的中期以前,径流量相对来说是比较少的,而从80年代的中期以后有明显增加的趋势;怒江跨境径流量的变化主要是由于纵向岭谷区西南季风环流系统活动的变化造成的,至少在夏季风活动期间是这样。Based on the observed data of the transboundary flow from the Nujiang River and using the statistics method, the transboundary flow change features of the Nujiang River in the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region are investigated. The results show that the transboundary flow from the Nujiang River is mainly in the rainy season （5 - 10）, it is about 82% of the yearly flow. The Nujiang River is the fiver supplied by rain water within a year. The proportion of the rainy season flow to the yearly flow has been decreasing since the middle period of the 60th in century 20. As for the interannual variability, the Nujiang River is the fiver supplied by ice-snow melt water of alp and rainy water. The transboundary flow changes of the Nujiang River appear obviously a tendency to increase since the 70th in century 20. The longest duration of the Nujiang River is 6 months in Sept. In general, the transboundary flow of the Nujiang River is the lesser before the middle of 1980s, but it is increasing after the middle of 1980s. The main reasons for the transboundary flow changes of the Nujiang River are the changes of the activity of the southwest monsoon circulation system, specially is in the summer monsoon period.

关 键 词：纵向岭谷区 怒江 跨境径流量 变化特征 

分 类 号：P343[天文地球—水文科学]