添加两种乙酸钠盐对玉米青贮品质及有氧稳定性的影响  

Effect of Adding Two Types of Sodium Acetate Compounds on Corn Silage Quality and Aerobic Stability

作　　者：张新慧[1] 张永根[1] 赫英飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科技学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2008年第6期1810-1815,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：2004年黑龙江省教育厅海外学人科技资助项目(20048016A)

摘　　要：【目的】研究探讨两种防腐保鲜剂双乙酸钠和脱氢乙酸钠作为青贮发酵抑制剂对玉米青贮品质及有氧稳定性的影响,以期减少青贮发酵和利用过程中的营养损失。【方法】试验以新刈全株玉米为原料,分别添加0.4%双乙酸钠,0.1%脱氢乙酸钠进行青贮(占鲜重),与负对照(不使用添加剂)和正对照(添加青贮酸贮剂,3ml·kg-1露保美NC)进行对比。【结果】脱氢乙酸钠组在霉菌、酵母菌数量、干物质损失率(DML)、氨态氮/总氮(VBN/TN)等指标上均显著低于正、负对照组(P<0.05);双乙酸钠组乳酸、乙酸含量最高,DML、VBN/TN低于负对照,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。在有氧稳定性方面,脱氢乙酸钠组的有氧稳定性最高(213h),双乙酸钠组(147h)低于正对照组(露保美组,187h),但高于负对照(118h)。【结论】向青贮原料中添加发酵抑制剂对提高青贮的质量没有作用,但对提高青贮饲料的有氧稳定性具有一定的作用。脱氢乙酸钠在保存青贮养分和提高有氧稳定性方面均优于双乙酸钠或露保美,有可能作为青贮发酵抑制剂使用。【Objective】The experiment was aimed to study the effect of two silage fermentative inhibitors-sodium diacetate （SDA） and sodium dehydroacetate （SD） that normally are used as food preservatives on quality and aerobic stability of corn silage 【Method】In the experiment,whole newly-mowed corn plants as raw materials were ensiled after treatment with 0.4% SDA and 0.1% SD,respectively,and then were taken to compare with negative control （no additives used） and positive control （with acidizer added,3 ml·kg^-1 LuproMix NC）. 【Result】The results of the experiment showed that SD-treated silage had lower values in the quantities of molds and yeasts,dry matter loss （DML）,and VBN/TN than both the negative control and the positive control significantly （P〈0.05）. SDA-treated silage had the highest lactic acid and acetic acid concentrations,but its DML and VBN/TN were lower than the negative control,but not significant （P〉0.05）. For aerobic stability,SD-treated silage were the greatest （〉213 h）,and SDA-teated silage （〉147 h） were poorer than the positive control （LuproMix-treated,〉187 h）,but better than the negative control （118 h）. 【Conclusion】Thus,addition of SD or SDA did not affect the quality of corn silage but significantly improved aerobic stability. In terms of nutrient preservation and aerobic stability,SD took advantage over SDA or LuproMix NC. Moreover,SD with lower application rate and less cost could be used as a promising fermentative inhibitor of the silage.

关 键 词：双乙酸钠 脱氢乙酸钠 青贮 品质 有氧稳定性 玉米 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]