苯酚-间甲酚-糠醛基炭气凝胶的制备及微结构控制(英文)  

Preparation and microstructure control of carbon aerogels produced using m-cresol mediated sol-gel polymerization of phenol and furfural

作　　者：龙东辉[1] 张洁[1] 杨俊和[2] 胡子君[3] 李同起[3] 成果[1] 张睿[1] 凌立成[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学化学化工学院,化学工程国家重点实验室,上海200237 [2]上海应用技术学院材料系,上海200235 [3]航天材料工艺研究所,北京100076

出　　处：《新型炭材料》2008年第2期165-170,共6页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50730003,50672025);“973”项目(2006CB600907);上海市“登山行动计划”研发基地配套专项(065258033,06JC1401)~~

摘　　要：以苯酚、间甲酚和糠醛为原料,在正丙醇溶剂中以盐酸为催化剂经溶胶-凝胶过程合成了醇凝胶,直接超临界正丙醇干燥得到有机气凝胶,在氮气保护下裂解制备出富含中孔的炭气凝胶。用IR、N2吸附、SEM、TEM等表征气凝胶的结构特征,考察了间甲酚苯酚摩尔比对凝胶结构的影响。结果发现:提高间甲酚的含量能够增强聚合物的交联密度,减小聚合物与溶剂的相溶性,缩短相分离时间,有利于得到较小的纳米颗粒和孔径的炭气凝胶。所制得的炭气凝胶平均中孔孔径随间甲酚含量的增加从47nm逐渐减小至13nm,BET比表面积和中孔孔容在m-C/P=0.33时达到最大值。Carbon aerogels rich in mesopores were prepared by the sol-gel polycondensation of phenol, m-cresol, and furfural by an acid catalyst in a 1-propanol solution, followed by supercritical 1-propanol drying and pyrolysis. The effect of the ratios of m-cresol to phenol （m-C/P） on the properties of aerogels was investigated. The aerogels were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, N2 adsorption, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the microstructure of carbon aerogels could be adjusted by the m-C/P ratio. The average mesopore size of carbon aerogels decreased from 47 to 13 nm with increasing m-C/P ratio. The surface area calculated using the Brnnauer-Emmett-Teller method, external surface area, and mesopore volume of carbon aerogels, all exhibited maxima at the m-C/P ratio of 0.33. Kevwords： Carbon aerogels; Sol-gel process; Supercritical drying ; Density; Porosity

关 键 词：炭气凝胶 溶胶-凝胶法 超临界干燥 密度 孔隙 

分 类 号：O648.17[理学—物理化学]