甘孜州饮砖茶型氟中毒流行现状调查  

Investigation on Present Situation of Brick-Tea Fluorosis in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

作　　者：蔡其华[1] 张广[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘孜州疾病预防控制中心,四川康定626000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2008年第7期506-509,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解四川省甘孜州饮砖茶型地方性氟中毒流行现状,为制定防治策略提供科学资料。方法按统一方案,分层抽样抽取6个县、60个乡、120个村,调查8～12岁儿童及成人氟斑牙、20岁以上成人氟骨症病情,对疑似氟骨症者摄X线片,测定砖茶、砖茶汤、饮水、食物及尿含氟量。结果儿童氟斑牙检出率平均为56.3%,成人为60.79%;临床氟骨症检出率平均为41.74%,氟骨症X线阳性率为45.91%;尿氟均数儿童1.66mg/L,成人2.36mg/L;砖茶含氟634.14～1093mg/kg、均数为910.43mg/kg,砖茶汤为5.40mg/L,饮用水含氟<1mg/L、食物含氟<1mg/kg。结论甘孜州为饮砖茶型氟中毒病区,流行现状较严重,应实施综合性的防治策略以减轻其危害。Objective To explore the present situation of brick-tea fluorosis in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province, and provide scientific information for making preventative strategies. Methods According to the methods of epidemiological investigation, 6 counties, 60 towns, and 120 villages were selected by stratified sampling. The situation Of dental fluorosis among 8-12 years old children and adults, and skeletal fluorosis among adults aged at least 20 were investigated. X-ray images were taken in patients who were suspected to have skeletal fluorosis. The level of fluorine in brick tea, brick tea water, drinking water, food, and urine were also tested. Results The rates of dental fluorosis among children and adults were 56. 3% and 60. 79%, respectively. The average rate of clinical skeletal fluorosis was 41.74%. The positive rate of X-ray images of skeletal fluorosis was 45.91%. The average levels of fluorine in urine among children and adults were 1.66 mg/L and 2.36 mg/L, respectively. The level of fluorine in brick tea was between 634. 14 and 1 093 mg/kg, with the average level of 910. 43 mg/kg. The level of fluorine in brick tea water was 5.40 mg/L. The levels of flrorine in drinking water and food were both below 1 mg/kg. Conclusion The present epidemic situation of fluorosis due to brick tea in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is relatively serious. Comprehensive prevention strategies should be Carried out to eliminate the hazards of fluorosis.

关 键 词：砖茶 氟化物 中毒 

分 类 号：R599.9[医药卫生—内科学]