采用KOH与NaOH活化剂所制活性炭表面化学性质及孔结构的比较  

COMPARISONS OF CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND PORE STRUCTURE OF CARBONS ACTIVATED BY KOH AND NaOH

作　　者：谢应波[1] 张维燕[1] 张睿[1] 成果[1] 张传祥[1] 凌立成[1] 

机构地区：[1]化学工程联合国家重点实验室联合化学反应工程研究所华东理工大学,上海200237

出　　处：《炭素》2008年第2期18-23,共6页Carbon

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50672025)

摘　　要：采用沥青焦为原料,以KOH和NaOH活化剂制备出不同碱炭质量比(R)系列活性炭。利用X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征出所制活性炭的石墨层结构和表面化学性质,并用氮气吸附和脱附等温线计算出BET比表面积、DFT孔径分布及孔容。实验结果表明,与NaOH活化剂相比,KOH活化剂所制活性炭石墨层破坏更明显,表面含氧官能团也明显增加。当R=5时,KOH活化剂所制样品BET比表面积高达2 939m2/g,孔容为1.43cm3/g;而NaOH活化剂所制样品BET比表面积和孔容分别只有1 098m2/g、0.53cm3/g。A series of petroleum coke-based activated carbons （ACs） were prepared by chemical activation method in different KOH or NaOH/petroleum coke ratio（R）. Pore properties of these activated carbons including the BET specific surface area, pore diameter, pore size distribution and pore volume were characterized by DFT method based on N2 adsorption/desorption isotherm. The changes in the surface graphite structure and surface chemistry of the ACs were studied by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. It was found that the surface graphite structure of the ACs was quite destroyed by KOH activation,but its surface oxygen groups increaes obviously. When R was equal to 5,the maximum BET specific surface area and pore volume which were obtained by KOH activation method are 2 939m^2g^-1 and 1.43cm^3g^-1, respectively. The micropores＇percentage of the samples which obtained by KOH activation method have little changes,and the maximum BET specific surface area and pore volume of the samples are 1 098m^2/g and 0. 53cm^3/g,respectively.

关 键 词：活性炭 化学活化 比表面积 超级电容器 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程]