基于栅格的中国一季稻生产潜力研究  

GIS-Based Study on Potential Producticity of Singlecropping Rice in China

作　　者：付修勇[1] 张晶[1] 王景平[1] 宋宁宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]德州学院,山东德州253023

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2008年第4期99-103,共5页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX3-SW-333)

摘　　要：水稻在我国粮食安全和农业发展中地位重要,其中一季稻又是中国播种面积最大、分布最广泛、产量最大的水稻类型,科学估算一季稻生产潜力,对于合理制定水稻发展战略,挖掘水稻增产潜力,保证稻谷生产能力具有重要意义。该文利用国际上广泛采用的农业生态区模型,在地理信息系统技术支持下,将土地利用数据、气候观测数据、作物属性数据进行从微观到宏观的综合集成,对我国一季稻光合生产潜力、光温生产潜力、光温水生产潜力以及包括土壤立地条件、质地、养分等在内的土地生产潜力及其空间分布进行1km×1km栅格尺度的估算和评价。研究结果表明,我国各农业生态区一季稻生产潜力存在明显差异,各农业生态区生产潜力具有自身的特点和优势,这与目前我国一季稻生产与布局基本相符。在此基础上提出了提高我国一季稻生产潜力,保障粮食安全的建议和措施,为中国农业生产和水稻发展战略提供了基础信息和科学依据。Rice is important for food security and agriculture in China. Single-cropping rice is the biggest type in plant area, distribution and output. Estimating the potential productivity of single-cropping rice scientifically has important significance to reasonable policy making for rice development and potential yield of rice. Choosing 1 km × 1 km grid as the calculating unit, by using land use data, climate observation data, and agricultural statistical data, based on the agro-ecological zone model and GIS, this paper calculated the photosynthesis potential productivity, photosynthesis-temperature potential productivity, photosynthesis-temperature-water potential productivity and photosynthesis- temperature-water-land potential productivity of single-cropping rice in China. The results showed that there wasobvious difference in the potential productivity of single-cropping rice in the agro-ecological zone which was basically coincident with production layout of single-cropping in China. Finally this paper put forward suggestions and solutions of single-cropping production potential productivity and national food security, which brought basic information and science hereunder for agriculture and rice development in China.

关 键 词：中国 一季稻 栅格 生产潜力 

分 类 号：F329.9[经济管理—产业经济]