不同水氮措施对土壤-芹菜体系中无机氮动态变化与平衡的影响  

Effect of different water and nitrogen measures dynamic inorganic N movement and balance in soil-celery system

作　　者：张学军[1] 罗建航[2] 陈晓群[2] 吴礼树[1] 胡承孝[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2007年第3期52-56,72,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40261007)

摘　　要：在宁夏引黄灌区露地菜田条件下,以芹菜为研究对象,采用田间试验与室内分析的方法,对不同水氮措施下,土壤-芹菜体系中无机氮动态变化及平衡进行了研究,为宁夏地区芹菜的合理施用氮肥提供科学依据。试验结果表明:节水灌溉处理(W2)的芹菜产量与传统灌水处理(W1)相当,推荐施氮处理的芹菜产量均比对照、单施有机肥处理高。全生育期节水灌溉量为518.7 m3,推荐施氮量为200 kg/hm2处理时,芹菜最高产量。在芹菜生长期间,节水灌溉的干物质积累与传统灌水处理相当,不同施氮量处理,干物质积累变化和芹菜的吸氮量随施氮量增加而增加,均比对照和单施有机肥的处理高。节水灌溉的表观氮素损失量比传统灌溉低26-38 kg/hm2,表观损失率比传统灌溉的低2.1%-6.8%。节水灌溉处理的Nmin(无机氮)残留比传统灌溉处理低8-13 kg/hm2。节水灌溉的土壤残留硝态氮均比传统灌溉的土壤残留硝态氮高,主要分布在0-60 cm土层,推荐施氮处理残留的土壤硝态氮比习惯施氮处理高。The objective of this study was to evaluate dynamic inorganic N movement, and give a scientific fertilization and irrigation suggestion for vegetable field. A method with field experiment and chemical analysis in lab was carried out to study the effect of different water and nitrogen measures dynamic inorganic N movement and balance in soil-celery system in vegetable field in Ningxia yellow river irrigated area. The results showed that celery yield were same between convention irrigation（CI） and saving water irrigation（SWI）. Yield of the recommended application nitrogen treatment（RANI） were higher than CK, OM. The maximum celery yield was 518.7 m^3 of SWI and 200 kg/hm^2 of （RANI）. Dry matter accumulation movement of celery were increasing by nitrogen supply. Dry matter accumulation movement of the RANI were higher than CK, OM. After celery harvest, to compare with CI, the quantity of apparent N fertilizer of SWI decreased by 26- 38 kg/hm^2 and the Nitrogen apparent loss ratio of SWI decreased by 2.1% - 6.8 %, and the amount of reside Nmin of SWI decreased by 8- 13 kg/hm^2. The amount of nitrate-nitrogen reside of SWI were higher than CI, The amount of nitrate-nitrogen reside were accumulated in 0 - 60 cm surface layer.

关 键 词：水氮措施 无机氮动态 氮平衡 土壤 芹菜 

分 类 号：S606[农业科学—园艺学] S636.3