非Allee与Allee竞争种群系统的动力学研究  

Dynamic Study on the Non-Allee and Allee System of Two-competitive Species

作　　者：陈玲玲[1] 林振山[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院江苏省环境演变与生态建设重点实验室,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》2008年第2期124-129,共6页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40371108);国家十五"211"工程重大课题资助项目

摘　　要：将Allee效应引入2-竞争种群系统,建立了具有Allee效应的2-竞争种群演化动态模型,对非Allee与Allee竞争种群系统演化进行动力学研究.模拟结果表明:①Allee效应导致两竞争种群系统具有多个平衡态.②Allee效应使竞争共存物种无法续存甚至全部灭绝,最终平衡态值随初始斑块占有率变化而变化.③Allee效应可能使竞争排斥物种共同灭绝,且效应越强,物种存活时间越短;但Allee效应不会增强强物种的竞争优势,反而可能使强物种变弱,弱物种变强,其具有与栖息地破坏类似的影响种群竞争等级排序的作用.④Allee效应对种群续存是极不稳定的干扰因素,微小的变化都将引起系统平衡态的剧变.然而较高的初始斑块占有率也可能使原本濒于灭绝或竞争排斥的物种继续存活.Allee effect is introduced into the two-competitive species system to establish a two-species dynamic model subject to the Allee effect, and the non-Allee and Allee system of two-competitive species are individually simulated. Numerical simulation results show that ： （ 1 ） The Allee effect could lead to multiple stable states in the two-species competitive system. （2） It causes the coexistence impossible and even extinction of both species. Ultimate equilibrium will be changed with initial patch occupancies. （5） With competitive exclusion, the Allee effect could cause all species to go extinction. The stronger the Allee effect is, the shorter the species＇ survival period would be. It degrades the superior species to be inferior and upgrades the inferior superior, similar in habitat destruction affecting the species ecological order. （4） As a destabilizing factor in stability and in species persistence in the evolvement, it will significantly affect the equilibrium even if it is slightly changed. Moreover, high initial patch occupancies may help persistence of those going extinction, which demonstrates Allee effect must be fully considered in the process of rare animals protection.

关 键 词：ALLEE效应 2-竞争种群 平衡态 竞争共存 竞争排斥 

分 类 号：P942[天文地球—自然地理学]