量子数n和l对束缚电子径向波函数的影响  

The effects of n and l quatum numbers on radial wavefunction of bound electron

作　　者：刘晓斌[1] 邢永忠[1] 孙小伟[2] 师应龙[3] 

机构地区：[1]天水师范学院物理与信息科学学院,甘肃天水741001 [2]兰州交通大学数理学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]西北师范大学物理与电子工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《大学物理》2008年第6期31-34,共4页College Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(10447006);甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目(3ZX062-B25-010)

摘　　要：利用Hartree-Fork平均自洽场理论,研究了主量子数n和角量子数l对束缚电子波函数影响的主要特征.原子实通常是致密、紧凑的,当n和l较大时价电子的行为将与相应的氢原子电子相似;在靠近核的原子实区域,原子实的影响使价电子径向波函数节点的位置几乎重合.在近核区域离心势可对电子产生很大影响:小l电子只能轻微地贯穿到原子实的较深区域,对大l电子离心势将阻止其深入到离核很近的原子实内;离化度较高时离心势的作用相对减弱,电子深入到原子实内的可能性较大.The effects of n and l quantum numbers on radial wavefunction of H, K and K-like ion are studied by using the Hartree-Fork average self-consistent field（SCF） theory. Usually the core is very compact, and the wavefunction is found to be just as that of hydrogenic electron when n and l are large. The centrifugal potential prevents the electron from penetrating so far into the small r region of core, and the nodes position of radial wavefunctions is shown to remain essentially static with different n and l. In the region near the nucleus the centrifugal potential is so important that the electron with small l penetrates only slightly into the core region, the centrifugal repulsion will keep the large l electron at rather large radii. With increasing ionization, the effects of centrifugal potential become weaker oppositely, and the electron with any l can penetrate into the core region.

关 键 词：径向波函数 概率密度 原子实 离心势 

分 类 号：O562.1[理学—原子与分子物理]