柴油在土壤中迁移的试验模拟研究  

Simulated study on the migration process and effects of diesel oil on the soil properties

作　　者：宁丽 曾溅辉 陈广 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)盆地与油藏研究中心 中国石油大学石油天然气成藏机理教育部重点实验室,北京102200 [2]中油测井技术服务有限责任公司,北京100101

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2008年第3期1-6,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40372109)

摘　　要：通过土柱模拟试验研究了0#柴油在不同类型的土壤(壤土、砂土)中分别以连续和间歇方式入渗的渗流特征。结果表明:柴油在壤土中的入渗速率小于砂土;相同类型的土壤中,连续入渗的速率大于间歇入渗;柴油饱和溶液入渗条件下,绝大部分的柴油集中在深度小于25cm的土层里,只有在连续入渗砂土情况下,大量的柴油迁移到了35cm深度的土层;柴油以无水液流态(NAPL)间歇入渗条件下,壤土和砂土中各土层的柴油质量比与土层深度服从相应的负指数关系。通过对比静态吸附的结果,发现迁移过程中存在吸附、截留和生物降解作用等。The present paper is to introduce our experimental and statistical studies of the soil columns for their migration and absorption behavior of diesel oil in the contaminated soils. For the research purpose, we have carried out investigations on the influence of the soil types （loamy and sandy soil） , seeping types （continuous and interim seeping） and seeping forms （dissolved and non-aqueous phase liquid, NAPL） . As a result of our investigation, the velocity of seeping in sandy soil proves much faster than in loamy soil, whereas the velocity of continuous seeping and interim seeping proved quite similar at the beginning, but the continuous seeping velocity seemed much slower, far beyond the interim one. Furthermore, the velocity curves of seeping in sandy soils were linear in nature, while those of seeping in loamy soils were parabola. Though the shapes of break-through curves were the same, the peak of break-through curves of loam may still lag behind as compared to those of the sandy soil. Moreover, the peak of the interim seeping proves lower than the continuous seeping. When the dissolved diesel oil seeped into the soil, most of the diesel oil would congregate in the soil at a range of 0 - 25 cm depth. Statisti- cally speaking, more than 80% of diesel oil proved to be existing in a depth of 5 - 25 cm. There seemed hardly any oil residue found at or below the depth of 45 cm downwards. But it seems quite different with the diesel oil solution seeping into the sandy soil, in which it could reach 35 cm depth with the biggest content. However, it is quite different when it seeps in soil by NAPL, because the seeping velocity by solution could be much faster than NAPL. After seeping by NAPL, the oil content and the depth of seeping can be made in conformity with the minus-index equation. So, it can be concluded that there was interception and degradation besides absorption in the seeping course. For this reason, it is essential to do timely cleaning work in case diesel oil leak does occur.

关 键 词：环境科学 柴油 迁移 土柱试验 

分 类 号：X2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]