欧洲北美温带地区酸化生态系统的恢复现状与前景  

PRESENT SITUATION AND PROSPECT FOR THE RECOVERY OF ECOSYSTEMS FROM ACIDIFICATION IN THE TEMPERATE REGIONS OF EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA

作　　者：樊后保[1] 刘文飞[1] 高春芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌工程学院生态与环境科学研究所

出　　处：《地球与环境》2008年第2期161-170,共10页Earth and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30771714);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(0630101)

摘　　要：过去20多年来,由于欧美国家采取了强有力的减排措施,从而使这些地区大面积范围的酸沉降率,尤其是硫的沉降普遍下降,但对这些温带地区开展的地表水和陆地生态系统的恢复进程研究显示:随着酸性排放物的减排,酸化生态系统开始有所恢复,但恢复相当缓慢。导致恢复延缓的一个主要原因是低估了氮在酸化中的贡献,另外还有土壤中盐基离子的损耗、干沉降可能被低估、气候的影响等原因。因此酸化生态系统的恢复是一个长期的缓慢的过程,进一步加强酸性排放物尤其是氮的减排,仍然是极为迫切的。Due to the implementation of dramatic emission reduction scenarios, acidic deposition, especially sulphur deposition, has declined significantly in Europe and North America during the last two decades. Studies conducted in these regions suggested a widespread aquatic and terrestrial recovery from acidification, but it occurred at a very low rate. Nitrogen deposition, depletion of base cations from soils, underestimation of dry fallouts, and climate changes have been proposed to be the main reasons for the delayed recovery from acidification. Therefore, recovery from acidification is a slow and long-term process, and further re- duction for acidic emissions, especially nitrogen, is still needed in the future.

关 键 词：温带地区 酸化生态系统 化学恢复 生物恢复 

分 类 号：X14[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X171.1