土壤微生物群落多样性研究方法及进展  

Advancement of methods in studying soil microbial diversity

作　　者：姚晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530005

出　　处：《广西农业生物科学》2008年第B06期84-88,共5页Journal of Guangxi Agricultural and Biological Science

基　　金：广西大学博士启动基金项目(X05119)

摘　　要：微生物多样性是指群落中的微生物种群类型和数量、种的丰度和均度以及种的分布情况。研究土壤微生物群落多样性的方法包括传统的以生化技术为基础的方法(直接平板计数、单碳源利用模式等)和以现代分子生物技术为基础的方法(从土壤中提取DNA,进行G+C%含量的分析,或杂交分析,或进行PCR,产物再进行DGGE/TGGE等分析)。现代生物技术与传统微生物研究方法的结合使用,为更全面地理解土壤微生物群落的多样性和生态功能提供了良好的前景。Species diversity consist of species richness, the total number of species, species evenness, and the distribution of species. Methods to measure microbial diversity in soil can be categorized into two groups： biochemical-based techniques and molecular-based techniques. The former techniques include plate counts, sole carbon source utilization patterns, fatty acid methyl ester analysis, and et al. The latter techniques include G-4-C%, DNA reassociation, DNA-DNA hybridization, DGGE/TGGC, and et al. Overall, the best way to study soil microbial diversity would be to use a variety of tests with different endpoints and degrees of resolution to obtain the broadest picture possible and the most information regarding the microbial community.

关 键 词：微生物多样性 生化技术 分子生物学技术 DNA 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]