顶距测量精度分析及建议标准  

Observing Accuracy of Zenith Distance and the Standard Recommended

作　　者：吴广华[1] 胡稳才[1] 李子富[1] 

机构地区：[1]集美大学航海学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《集美大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第3期232-236,共5页Journal of Jimei University：Natural Science

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金资助项目(A0440003)

摘　　要：要在无水天线测天时一按按钮就可定出较精确的船位经纬度,必须弄清天体顶距测量精度对定位精度的影响,弄清顶距测量误差产生的原因,可达到的精度及选用适当的精度标准.分析了误差产生的原因,建议以重力线作基准直接测定天体顶距时,近期民用设备可用2′作为标准,理论分析和实验表明,这样可降低仪器造价和对测者的要求,天文定位仍可获得满意的结果.To get the observer＇s Lat. and Long. just by pressing a button without the sea horizon to turn to, we should know clearly the relationship between the accuracy of zenith distance observed and the accuracy of a position fixed, the causes of the errors of zenith distance observed, what accuracy of zenith distance observed could be obtained and what accuracy standard should be used. Error causes are analyzed, and it is recommended that the 2′ could be used as the accuracy standard for civil user at present, when measuring zenith distance based on the direction of gravitational force line. The result of the theory research and test at sea indicates that in this way we could get accurate celestial positioning and lower price.

关 键 词：顶距 误差原因 精度标准 天文定位 

分 类 号：U666.131[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]