挪威Storgama小型源头集水区土壤和径流的天然可变性  

Natural Variability in Soil and Runoff from Small Headwater Catchments at Storgama,Norway

作　　者：Line Tau Strand Stle Haaland Φyvind Kaste Arne O.Stuanes 丁莉 

机构地区：[1]挪威生命科学大学 [2]挪威水研究所

出　　处：《AMBIO－人类环境杂志》2008年第1期17-26,共10页

摘　　要：为了提供挪威南部泰勒马克县Storgama的11个小型源头集水区(30～268 m^2)气候操控实验的基线数据,我们对位点特征和径流质量的天然可变性进行了分析。各位点径流中的年平均浓度的变异系数为26%～61%,其中总有机碳(TOC)和碳氮比(C/N)最小而无机氮(N)值最大。这些集水区的无机氮、TOC和总磷浓度比附近更大的Storgama集水区(0.6 km^2)高2～5倍。径流中的TOC和TON浓度随着土壤碳和氮含量以及集水区土壤体积而增加。对于径流中的硝酸盐(NO_3)和铵来说则相反。在潮湿年份,裸岩的比例是径流中年平均NO_3浓度的主要指示指标。To provide baseline data for climate manipulation experiments in 11 small (30- 268 m^2) headwater catchments at Storgama,Telemark County,Southern Norway, we assessed the natural variability in site characteristics and runoff quality. Annual average concentrations in runoff at the sites have coefficients of variation between 26-61%,with the smallest values for total organic carbon (TOC) and carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratios and the largest for inorganic nitrogen (N).The catchments have between two and five times higher concentrations of inorganic N,TOC,and total phosphorus than the larger (0.6 km^2) Storgama watershed nearby.Concentrations of TOC and TON in runoff tend to increase with soil C and N content and with the volume of soil in the catchment.For nitrate (NO_3) and ammonium in runoff,the reverse is true.In wet years the proportion of bare rock is a major predictor for the annual average NO_3 concentration in runoff.

关 键 词：集水区 土壤碳 可变性 径流 天然 源头 挪威 平均浓度 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S715.1[农业科学—林学]