熊梁进步党内阁的成立与失败  

The rise and down of the Progress Party’s cabinet in 1913-1914

作　　者：张永[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学马克思主义学院,北京100871

出　　处：《安徽史学》2008年第4期47-56,35,共11页Historical Research In Anhui

摘　　要：二次革命期间,进步党处于北洋派和国民党竞相争取的有利地位,获得了上台组阁的机会,经过许多曲折,终于成立以熊希龄、梁启超为核心的新政府,立宪派第一次掌握了部分中央政权。新内阁提出了雄心勃勃的大政方针,但也副署了取消国民党议员资格的命令导致国会解散。一种流传很广的说法是袁世凯利用承德盗卖文物案胁迫熊希龄副署,本文经过考证认定这种说法是错误的。熊、梁等进步党内阁派早已存在开明专制思想,而且对民初议会政治实践不满,他们希望在袁世凯的支持下走开明专制的道路。但是在国会解散后不久,失去支持的熊梁内阁也在北洋派的压力下黯然倒台,标志着这种依附性的开明专制道路完全破产。Progress Party got the chance to control new cabinet in the deadly civil war between Kuomintang and president Yuan Shi-kai in 1913. Xiong Xi-ling and Liang Qi-chao put forward great political plan and they supported president Yuan Shi-kai＇ s illegal decree leading the dissolution of the parliament.But when president Yuan Shi-kai had defeated Kuomintang, he didn＇t supported Progress Party＇s cabinet anymore and they had to go down soon in early 1914.This means Progress Party＇s enlightened autarchy wasn＇ t a possible political solution at that time and president Yuan Shi-kai＇ s despotism had begun.

关 键 词：熊希龄 梁启超 袁世凯 进步党 内阁 开明专制 

分 类 号：K258.9[历史地理—历史学]