三峡库区土壤环境质量评价  

SOIL ENVIRONMENT QUALITY EVALUATION OF THE THREE-GORGES RESERVOIR REGION

作　　者：唐将[1] 王世杰[1] 付绍红[1] 孙远东 雷家立 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵阳550002 [2]重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局,重庆400039 [3]重庆川东南地质大队,重庆400000

出　　处：《土壤学报》2008年第4期601-607,共7页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国土资源部“十五”重点调查项目(NO:200314200006)资助

摘　　要：三峡移民工程中土地资源的合理规划利用需要建立在查清区域土壤环境质量的基础之上。利用多目标地球化学调查方法,通过野外实地调查、大面积系统性采集土壤表层样品、测试分析、数理统计,采用标准对比法及地质累积指数法,探讨了三峡库区表层土壤重金属污染程度,评价了土壤环境质量。结果表明:三峡库区区域土壤环境质量总体上较好,除巫山、奉节地区Cr、N i自然高背景导致存在一定量的区域性二类土外,表层土壤中As、Cu、Hg、Pb、Zn等元素一类土占全区面积均在90%以上,仅存在局部性人为污染,如Hg在城镇、厂矿等地的点状污染;不存在区域性的人为污染。采用两种方法评价均发现在三峡库区存在大量Cd二类土,主要分布在万州至涪陵一带,这种大面积分布的二类土是自然背景引起还是人为活动引起,有待于进一步研究,也值得引起高度关注。Rational planning and utilization of land resources of the Three-Gorges Reservoir Region needs to be based on thorough investigation of the soil environment quality of the region. Field investigation using the multi-targeted geochemical method was carried out, test and mathematical statistics conducted of soil samples collected systematically from the surface layer over a large area, and standard comparison and Geoaccumulation index methods applied, to evaluate seriousness of heavy-metal contamination and environment quality of the soil in the Three-Gorges Reservoir Region. Resuits show that as a whole the region is quite good in soil environment quality, except for Wushan and Fengjie districts, where high Cr and Ni background values have led to existence of a certain area of Grade Ⅱ soils. Over 90% of the soils are in Grade Ⅰ in terms of As, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn. Artificial pollution is local and limited in area. For instance, spots of Hg pollution are found only in the vicinity of residential settlements, factories and minings. In the case of Cd, the area of Grade Ⅱ soils is quite large, and they are mainly distributed along Wanzhou and Fuling. However, whether the extensive distribution of Cd Grade Ⅱ soils resulted from high natural background or human activities needs further study. The problem should deserve more attention.

关 键 词：三峡库区 土壤 重金属 环境质量评价 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]