仿真场景下类别空间关系判断中的注意分配  

The Allocation of Attention in Judgment of Categorical Spatial Relations on Simulation Scenes

作　　者：游旭群[1] 张媛[1] 刘登攀[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学心理系,西安710062 [2]解放军西安政治学院,西安710068

出　　处：《心理学报》2008年第7期759-765,共7页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30570602);教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”(NCET-05-0862);教育部人文社会科学重点基地重大项目(05JJDXLX165)支持

摘　　要：研究采用"提示-目标"的范式,并结合单、双任务的方法探讨仿真场景下类别空间关系判断中的空间注意分配。结果发现:提示影响类别空间关系判断效率,不同类型提示对类别空间关系判断的影响不同;类别空间关系判断还受到任务类型和判断类型的影响。由此得出以下结论:提示有助于注意资源的集中,提示越有效注意资源分配效率越高;注意分配受到第二任务要求的影响;决定注意分配策略的认知判断过程可能是持续存在的。Attention is very important in spatial cognition. Existing studies found that it can be obtained through a more selex：tive and effex：tively subtle process when the target stimulus is in the cueing range. These studies, however, were mostly manipulations of tasks touching on detection and visual research - tasks that are basic and simple spatial activities. Human visual space attention activities are complicated and multiform and take place in real - world scenes. How, then, is attention allocated in judging categorical spatial relations that are in relatively complex spatial activities？ Furthermore, how does it apply to real - world scenes？ There is the hypothesis that in judging categorical spatial relations on simulation scenes, the validity of cues and the command of tasks affect attention allocation. By using the ＂cue - target＂ visual model, we study the allocation of attention when judging the categorical spatial relations in simulation scenes. The 71 subjects were randomly distributed into two groups; in one group, subjects were asked to jud~ - as quickly and correctly as possible - whether two little yellow ＂x＂s were or were not within a certain object＇s rang~; in the other group, subjects were asked to reraember as much as possible the background when they were quick to perform judgnent tasks. There were three kinds of cues - namely, different sizes of circles. There were three results in the study. First, in judging categorical spatial relations in simulation scenes, cues help concentrate one＇s attention. The more valid and precise the cues, the higher the efficiency in attention allocation. Second, in judging categorical spatial relations in simulation scenes, the command of tasks affects the allocation of attention. Third, with the process of attention allocation, there is the possibility that the decision - making process helps amend the methods of attention allocation at any given moment. In judging the categorical spatial relations in simulation scenes, the validity of cues

关 键 词：注意分配 类别空间关系 范围提示 双任务 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]