小型渔船单拖网网具与网板改进设计与试验  

AN EXPERIMENT ON THE SMALL OTTER TRAWL AND THE IMPROVEMENT OF OTTER BORAD

作　　者：朱清澄[1] 崔国平[1] 曲学忠[1] 尹彦水 王诗关[1] 孙泰昌[1] 李守刚[1] 陈常柏 

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋水产研究所 [2]烟台海洋渔业公司技工学校

出　　处：《中国水产科学》1997年第4期37-42,共6页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：烟台市"科技兴岛"战略重点课题

摘　　要：本文报道山东沿海小型渔船单拖网捕捞技术试验结果及其推广情况。设计并试验推广了５种不同功率渔船使用的单拖网，分别为４．４ｋｗ渔船用３５０目×３５ｍｍ；８．８ｋｗ渔船用４１０目×４０ｍｍ；１４．７ｋｗ渔船用５８０目×４０ｍｍ；２９．４ｋｗ渔船用７４０目×４０ｍｍ；４４．１ｋｗ渔船用８６０目×４５ｍｍ。同时完成了与其相匹配的系列矩形平面网板。试验结果表明，单拖网与双拖网相比，单船增产３６－７０％。通过模拟试验与海上生产相结合，总结出一系列经验数据，网板前后两固定点与加重铁链的长度之比为１∶１．１２；网板对水冲角以２２°－２５°为佳；对地垂直夹角以７５°－７８°为理想状态。验证网板运行状况，４．４ｋｗ－８．８ｋｗ渔船两曳纲夹角为８°－１２°较好；１４．７ｋｗ、２９．４ｋｗ及４４．１ｋｗ渔船以１２°－１７°为宜。对网板的装配方式进行了重大改革。This paper reported some test results and popularized activties of otter trawl using small boats inshore shandong province. 5 types of otter trawl for various boats were designesd and tested, they are 350mesh ×35mm for 4.4kw boat, 410mesh ×40mm for 8.8kw, 580mesh×40mm for 14.7kw, 740mesh×40mm for 29.4kw, 860mesh×45mm for 44.1kw respectively. A series of otter board suitting the fishing boat were also designed and tested. Filed results showed that the yield of otter trawl is 1.36 to 1.70 times higher tham the pair trawl. It is known that the optimum ratio of the weighted chain length to it′s fixed point ia 1.12, the angle of the otter board to the water flow is 22 to 25 degrees, the dip angle to seabed is 75 to 78 degrees. The working condition of the otter board can be obtained by measuring the warp angle in the stern frame, the ideal angle is 8 to 12 degrees for 4.4 to 8.8kw boat and 12 to 17 degrees for 14.7 to 29.4kw boat. In the experiment, we made a significant change to the assembling method for the otter board.

关 键 词：渔船 小型渔船 单拖网 网板 改进设计 试验 

分 类 号：U674.4[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] S972.13[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]