西北旱区民勤绿洲滴灌马铃薯揭膜效应研究  

Effects of uncovering plastic film mulch on drip-irrigated potato in arid Minqin oasis,Northwest China

作　　者：侯晓燕[1] 王凤新[1] 康绍忠[1] 冯绍元[1] 韩江江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学中国农业水问题研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2008年第4期88-93,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(50339030)

摘　　要：在甘肃省石羊河流域下游荒漠绿洲区对大田滴灌马铃薯进行了揭膜效应试验研究。试验按覆膜时间不同设5个处理：D1——播种后60天第一次揭膜,以后每隔15天揭一次膜,分别为D2、D3、D4,D5为马铃薯全生育期覆膜,以马铃薯全生育期不覆膜作为对照（I1）。研究表明,在马铃薯的生长前期,覆膜可使表层土壤日平均温度提高2-9℃;在马铃薯块茎膨大初期之前大部分时间内,覆膜使表层土壤温度每天至少持续4 h超过30℃,对马铃薯生长不利;D1处理马铃薯产量和水分利用效率显著高于其它处理,而且随着揭膜时间的推迟,马铃薯产量和水分利用效率依次降低;各覆膜处理马铃薯产量和水分利用效率均高于对照。A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of uncovering plastic mulch on drip-irrigated potato in desert oasis located in the downstream of Shiyang River Basin,Gansu Province.The experiment comprised five mulching treatments according to the mulching durations： D1（Removing mulch 60 days after planting）;D2,D3 and D4（Removing mulch at 15 days＇ interval thereafter,respectively）; D5（mulching during the whole growing season）.A non-mulching control was also included.The results showed that mulching increased daily average soil temperature in the upper soil layers by 2～9℃ during the potato＇s early growing period.The topsoil temperature kept above 30℃ for more than four hours everyday before tuber bulking period,which had been proven to be detrimental to potato growth.Both the tuber yield and WUE（Water use efficiency） of treatment D1 were higher than any other treatment,and they had a tendency to decline when the mulching duration was longer.All the mulching treatments had higher yield and WUE than the control.

关 键 词：马铃薯 滴灌 薄膜覆盖 地温 产量 

分 类 号：S532.048[农业科学—作物学] S532.071