探讨健康教育对初产妇产后的影响  

Effect of Health Education in Primipara During Puerperium

作　　者：易灵敏[1] 何小玲[2] 董海鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市妇婴医院保健部,广州510180 [2]广州市妇婴医院护理部,广州510180

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2008年第7期733-736,共4页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：广州市医药卫生科技项目(No.2007-YB-084)

摘　　要：目的评价健康教育对初产妇产后的作用和意义。方法选择2004年7月至2005年3月间1608例在广州市妇婴医院进行分娩的初产妇,随机分为实验组916例和对照组692例,两组的基本资料差异无统计学意义,对实验组进行系统化的院内外结合的健康教育,并在出院1周、3周、6周到产妇家中进行访视健康教育;对照组行常规产检,出院后接受基础护理指导。对两组初产妇产后的健康状况、初乳分泌时间、盆肌保健操健康教育效果和抑郁症发生率情况进行观察,并分别用SPSS12.0软件包进行统计学处理。结果实验组和对照组产妇在产后健康状况、切口愈合、盆肌保健操健康教育效果的差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。统计表明,实验组的各项指标均优于对照组。实验组的初乳分泌时间为(5.32±3.97)h,有15例发生产后抑郁症,占1.64%;而对照组的初乳分泌时间为(10.67±8.95)h,有73例发生产后抑郁症,占10.55%。结论健康教育能有效地降低初产妇的疾病发生率,促使初乳分泌,提高初产妇产后的生活质量。Objective To investigate the role of health education in primipara puerperium. Methods Investigate retrospectively, 1 608 inpatient primiparas in Maternal and Neonatal Hospital of Guangzhou were randomly divided into 2 groups from July 2004 to March 2005. 916 primiparas who had received the systemic and inside-and outside-hospital health education were enrolled for the study group and received postpartum visit and health education in families after discharged from hospital. 692 untrained ones served as controls group and received basic nursing in hospital as well as in families. The primipara health condition, the mean time of secretion of colostrums, the probability of well-developed health for the preventive exercise for pelvic muscles and the incidence of postnatal depression were observed and compared between 2 groups. All outcomes were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Science （SPSS）12.0. Results The difference in primipara health condition, concrescence of the wound and the probability of well-developed health for the preventive exercise for pelvic mucles between the study group and controls group was significant （P〈0.05）. The study group was better than the controls group. The mean time of secretion of colostrums in the study group was （5.32±3.97） h and the incidence of postnatal depression was 1.64%. There was （10.67±8.95） h and 10.55% respectively in the controls group. Conclusion The comprehensive health education can markedly decrease the incidence of diseases of primiparas, promote early secretion of colostrums and enhance the quality of life for primiparas.

关 键 词：健康教育 初产妇 产后 抑郁症 

分 类 号：R172[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]