儿童期虐待与抑郁症患者临床特征的关系  

The relationship between childhood abuse and clinical features of depressive patients

作　　者：陈景清[1] 张金响[1] 张卫红[1] 冯俊会[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省济宁市精神病防治院,272051

出　　处：《精神医学杂志》2008年第4期258-260,共3页Journal of Psychiatry

摘　　要：目的探讨有儿童虐待经历的抑郁症患者的临床特点以及个性特征、社会支持对有儿童虐待经历抑郁症的影响。方法采用童年期创伤经历问卷(CECA.Q)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS),对连续住院的抑郁症患者134例进行测查;依据CECA.Q评定,分为虐待组(41例)和无虐待组(93例),比较两组的临床特点以及HAMD、EPQ、SSRS的评分。结果两组性别、首次发病年龄、家族史、病程之间差异有显著意义(P<0.05);虐待组、无虐待组中有自杀意念、自杀行为者分别为80.49%、60.22%、34.15%、13.97%,差异有显著意义(P<0.05);HAMD总分、焦虑/躯体化、睡眠障碍、绝望感因子分高于无虐待组,差异有显著意义(P<0.01),两组精神质(P)、神经质(N)因子分差异有显著意义(P<0.01),客观支持、支持利用度、总社会支持因子分差异有显著意义(P<0.01)。结论儿童期虐待经历的抑郁症首次发病年龄小、焦虑/抑郁症状严重、自杀倾向高,具有精神质和不稳定个性、社会支持缺乏等特点。Objective To explore the clinical feature, personality characteristics and social support of depressive patients who had childhood abuse history. Methods A total of 134 depressive inpatients were investigated with CECA. Q,HAMD,EPQ and SSRS. According to the scores of CECA. Q, 134 depressive inpatients were divided into abuse group and control group. We compared the clinical features and the scores of HAMD, EPQ and SSRS between two groups. Results The significant differences were found in gender, the first-episode age, family history and course of disease between two groups （P〈0.05）. The significant differences were also found in incidence rate of suicidal behavior and suicidal idea between two groups（P〈0.05）. In abuse group, the total scores of HAMD, factor scores of anxious, sleep disorder and feeling of despair were significantly higher than those in control group （P〈0.01）. The significantly differences were found in psychoticism and neuroticism of EPQ between two groups （P〈0.01）. The significant differences were found in objective support, support employ and total social support of SSRS between two groups （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Clinical features of depressive patients with childhood abused history are first-episode age younger, severe depressive and anxious symptoms, higher suicide tendency, the personality of psychoticism and instability, lacking social support.

关 键 词：儿童虐待 抑郁症 社会支持 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]