一种基于球面坐标的无线传感器网络三维定位机制  

A Localization Scheme Based on Sphere for Wireless Sensor Network in 3D

作　　者：戴桂兰[1] 赵冲冲[2] 邱岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学信息技术研究院,北京100084 [2]北京科技大学信息工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《电子学报》2008年第7期1297-1303,共7页Acta Electronica Sinica

基　　金：空军装备部“十一五”预研项目;航空基金项目(No.20075158007);国家863高技术研究发展计划(No.2006AA010101);国家科技支撑计划(No.2006BAH02A12)

摘　　要：节点定位作为无线传感器网络应用支撑技术之一,一直备受学术界和工业界的关注.现有的大多数定位算法针对平面应用而设计,无法满足三维空间应用.针对目前三维空间定位算法的不足,本文提出了一种基于球面坐标的动态定位机制,将定位问题抽象为多元线性方程组求解问题,最终利用克莱姆法则解决多解、无解问题.仿真结果表明,当在100*100*100m3的仿真场景内部署100个传感器节点,通信半径为10m、锚节点密度为10%时,相对定位误差为50.7%.在算法中引入了最小二乘法理论来估算节点位置以及结果过滤策略以减小定位误差,试验结果表明,改进后的算法性能提高了32.2%.As one of the support technology of wireless sensor network applications, node localization has been paid much attention to both academia and industry all the times. Existing localization methods are not suitable for 3-dimensional（ 3D）terrains due to their design for planar applications. According to the shortage of some existing algorithms proposed for 3D, in this paper we present a dynamic localization scheme based on spherical coordinates which translates the localization problem into a solution of multiple linear equations and utilizes the Cramer＇ s mle to eliminate the probability of multiple solutions or void solution for the equations. Simulation results indicate that the relative localization error is 50.7 percent when 100 sensor nodes are deployed in 100＊ 100＊ 100m^3 scenarios with 10 meters＇ communication range and the anchor node density is 10 percent. The least square estimate（LSE）is applied to our algorithm to estimate the sensor nodes＇ positions and a result filtration strategy is used to reduce the localization error, the experiment data show that the improved solution outperforms the original scheme by 32.2 percent.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 三维定位 克莱姆法则 最小二乘法 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]