城市典型植物群落温度效应的时空格局  

Spatial and temporal changing patterns of temperature affected by typical urban plant community

作　　者：蔺银鼎[1] 武小钢[1] 郝兴宇[2] 王娟[1] 梁峰[1] 梁娟[1] 王志红[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,太谷030801 [2]山西农业大学农学院,太谷030801

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2008年第4期952-956,共5页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30271102);山西省自然科学基金项目(20031074)资助

摘　　要：以太原市城区典型绿地植物群落——杨树片林、禾本科草坪和灌木林为研究对象，对不同绿地周边温度的空间和时间变化进行测试，并对其降温能力进行了比较。结果表明：3种绿地的温度效应均表现为午后（14：00-15：30）最明显，上午（10：00-11：30）次之；而傍晚（17：00-18：30）杨树片林和灌林木呈与前两个时间段相反的变化趋势，草坪变化不明显。3种绿地对温度的影响均呈随与绿地距离增加而减弱的趋势。杨树片林对周边空气温度的影响强度为3．55℃，分别是灌木林的1．48倍、草坪的2．73倍。在影响范围上，杨树片林表现也比较突出，尤其是在14：00-15：30这一时段，杨树片林、灌木林和草坪的水平影响范围分别为14m、12m和8m，垂直影响范围分别为7．5m、3．5m和2．5m。Three typical plant communities of urban greenbehs, poplar forest, shrub and lawn were selected and air temperature measurements taken at varying distances from selected communities and at different heights, in order to learn the spatio-temporal pattern of change of air temperature around the plant communities. The results indicate that the 3 plant communities have the most significant impact on the surrounding air temperature in the afternoon hours （ 14 ： 00～15 ： 30）, followed by the morning hours （10：00～11：30）. However, at dusk （17：00～18：30）, there is the reverse in air temperature around the poplar forest and shrub, and no significant effect is observed around the lawns. The impact of the 3 plant communities on air temperature weakens with increasing distance away from the communities. The impact intensity of poplar forest on the surrounding air temperature is 3.55℃, 1.48 times that of shrubs and 2.73 times that of lawns. The poplar forest also presents a stronger influence on the surrounding field air temperature, especially in the afternoon hours （ 14：00～15：30）. The horizontal field of influence of poplar forest, shrub, and lawn is 14 m, 12 m and 8 m, and the vertical field of influence is 7.5 m, 3.5 m and 2.5 m, respectively.

关 键 词：景观生态 园林生态 城市绿地 植物群落 生态效应 空气温度 时空格局 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学] Q142.2[生物学—生态学]