场依存-独立性认知方式与儿童自立水平的关系  

Relationship Between the Cognitive Style of Field Dependence-independence and Self-supporting in Primary School Students

作　　者：凌辉[1] 黄希庭[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学心理学系 [2]西南大学心理学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2008年第4期384-386,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学“十五”研究项目(01JAXLX002);教育部哲学社会科学重大攻关项目(05JZD0031)的资助

摘　　要：目的:探讨场依存-独立性认知方式与儿童自立发展水平之间的关系。方法:①应用6-12岁儿童自立行为问卷对120名4-6年级小学生进行评定,根据儿童在自立行为问卷上的总分排序,取上27%人群为高自立组,下27%人群为低自立组;②被试的认知方式是依据其在该年级组的镶嵌图形测验平均成绩确定的,将测验总分排序位于上25%的30名儿童确定为场独立性被试,测验总分排序位于下25%的30名儿童确定为场依存性被试。结果:①高自立组认知方式得分显著高于低自立组,场独立认知倾向组在自立行为问卷的学业自立和自我决断分量表上的得分显著高于场依存认知倾向组;②认知方式得分与自立行为问卷的学业自立、日常自立、自我决断、自我行动、自我负责以及自立总分呈显著正相关。结论:自立行为水平与儿童的认知方式特点密切相关。与低自立水平儿童相比,高自立水平儿童的认知方式更倾向于场独立性,场独立性倾向者自立水平较高而场依存性倾向者自立水平较低。Objective： To explore the relationship between the cognitive style of field dependence-independence and self-supporting levels in primary school students. Methods： One hundred and twenty grade 4 to 6 primary school students were examined by the Self-supporting Behavior Questionnaire for 6 to 12 Years Old Children, and then the subjects were divided into two groups, of which the high- self-supporting group includes the top 27% according to the questionnaire total score, and the low- self-supporting group includes the bottom 27%. Both the groups were tested by the Embedded Figures Test. Results： ①The high self-supporting group get significantly higher score in the Embedded Figures Test than the low self-supporting group; and the field-independence group get significantly higher scores in the scholastic self-supporting and self-determination subscales of the Self-supporting Behavior Questionnaire than the field-dependence group; ②the score of Embedded Figures Test was significantly correlated with the scores of scholastic self-supporting, self-supporting in daily life, self-determination, self-action, responsibility undertaking,and the total score of the Self-supporting Behavior Questionnaire. Conclusion： Children＇s self-supporting levels were related to their cognitive style,namely, the high self-supporting children were inclined to field-independence cognitive style, and vice versa.

关 键 词：自立 儿童 场依存-独立性认知方式 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]