陕北能源化工基地地下水开发的植被生态效应及对策  

Ecological effects of vegetations during groundwater exploitation in the Northern Shaanxi Energy & Chemical Industry Base, China

作　　者：张茂省[1] 卢娜[1] 陈劲松[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,陕西西安710054 [2]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083

出　　处：《地质通报》2008年第8期1299-1312,共14页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目《陕北能源化工基地地下水勘查》(编号:1212010331302);国家自然科学基金项目《陕北能源化工基地资源开发的植被生态环境响应研究》;陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目《陕北能源化工基地水资源开发利用对策研究》(编号:2005kr66)资助。

摘　　要：为了建立陕北能源基地基于生态良性循环的地下水开发利用模式,依据生态学和水文地质学原理,采用生态-水文地质调查与遥感定量分析相结合的方法,在研究陕北植被生态空间分布特征、近30年来的演化趋势和影响因素的基础上,从植物类型、植物根系、植被指数与潜水埋深对比分析入手,建立了本区地下水位埋深与植被生态的依存关系,确定了影响植被生态的地下水位阈值,开展了地下水开发的植被生态环境效应敏感性区划,提出了基于生态良性循环的地下水资源开发利用对策。In order to construct the groundwater exploitation and utilization model based on the benign ecological cycle, the authors comply with the principles of ecology and hydrogeology and use the method of combined ecological-hydrogeological investigation and remote-sensing quantitative analysis to study the characteristics of vegetation ecological distribution, vegetation evolutionary trend and influence factors over the past 30 years in the Northern Shaanxi Energy and Chemical Industry Base. Based on the aforesaid research, the authors have analyzed the relationships between the types of vegetation, roots of vegetation, vegetation index and burial depth of phreatic water. They ascertained the relationship between the depth of phreatic water and vegetation ecology, determined the phreatic water table threshold that impacts the vegetation ecology, and conducted zoning of sensitivity of vegetation eco-environmental effects to groundwater exploitation and advanced countermeasures for groundwater exploitation and utilization based on the benign ecological cycle.

关 键 词：地下水 植被生态 敏感性区划 陕北能源化工基地 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X173