陕北能源化工基地资源开发引起的植被生态风险  

Ecological risk of vegetation caused by resource exploitation in the Northern Shaanxi, Energy & Chemical Industry Base, China

作　　者：董英[1] 张茂省[1] 卢娜[1] 刘洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《地质通报》2008年第8期1313-1322,共10页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：中国地质调查局国土资源调查项目<陕北能源化工基地地下水勘查>(编号:1212010331302);国家自然科学基金项目<陕北能源化工基地资源开发的植被生态环境响应研究>;软科学项目<陕北能源化工基地水资源开发利用对策研究>(编号:2005kr66)资助。

摘　　要：地下水和煤炭资源开发是否会破环生态环境,以及会给生态环境安全带来多大的风险,是陕北能源化工基地资源开发和生态环境保护中不可逾越的课题。以陕北能源化工基地生态环境最为脆弱的风沙滩地区为研究区,在研究地下水位埋深与植被生态关系的基础上,建立了不同地貌类型、不同潜水水位埋深对应的植被群落类型和植被指数分布的关系,利用Modflow软件建立了风沙滩地区地下水流数值模拟模型,采用蒙特卡洛方法建立了植被生态随机模型,根据地下水水位埋深与植被生态的关系实现了地下水流模型和植被生态模型的耦合求解,对地下水资源和煤炭资源开发可能引起的植被生态变化进行预测和风险评估。Whether groundwater and coal exploitation will destroy the eco-environment and how much risk they will bring to the e- cological safety are inevitable subjects in the process of resource development and eco-environmental protection in the Northern Shaanxi Energy ＆ Chemical Industry Base. In this study, the eolian sand beach area, whose eco-environment is most fragile in the Northern Shaanxi Energy ＆ Chemical Industry Base, was selected as the study area, and based on the relationship between the depth of water table and normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI）, the relationship between the types of vegetation communities and NDVI corresponding to different geomorphological types and different water table depths was established. The authors used the MODFLOW software to construct the numerical groundwater flow model of the eolian sand beach area and the Monte Carlo method to construct a stochastic model of vegetation ecology. According to the relationship between the depth of water table and NDVI, the groundwater flow model and vegetation ecological model were coupled. The risk of potential changes of vegetation ecology caused by groundwater and coal exploitation was then forecasted and assessed.

关 键 词：地下水位 植被生态 植被群落 植被指数 耦合模型 风险评估 资源开发 陕北 

分 类 号：X141[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X173