重塑“中国历史”(上)——学科意识的提升与“专门史”的书写  

Reshaping "Chinese History"——The Progress of Scientific Discipline and the Writing of "Specialize History"

作　　者：章清[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史学系,上海200433

出　　处：《学术月刊》2008年第8期124-130,共7页Academic Monthly

摘　　要："新史学"之所以构成中国史学的"事件",原因即在于,有着悠久史学传统的中国,获得了书写历史新的方式。影响所及,除将中国纳入"普遍历史"(Universal History)外,还规划了"专门史"的书写方向。"新史学"体现的这些特征,乃"援西入中"大潮下中外史学"会通"的产物,展现出史学作为现代学科成长的枢机所在。这既反映在书写内容的拓展上,也体现在对史学学科地位新的认识上。故从20世纪初开始,各种以"专门史"为名、以现代学科样式书写的历史回顾,重新塑造了"中国之过去"的概念。不仅如此,"专门史"书写在催生出大量相关著作的同时,对历史进程的理解还产生了重要影响;而以"专门史"为特征的史学学科规划,对史学的学科发展也发挥着持续的作用。"专门史"仍然是中国史学学科建制的基本特征,在这个意义上,回到"新史学"及其所留下的遗产,勾画"专门史"书写之所由来及其影响,或有其必要性。The reason that ＂new history＂ became an ＂event＂ of Chinese historiography is that China, which has a long tradition of historiography, obtained a new method of historical writing. It not only involved China into Universal History, but also oriented the writing of ＂specialized history＂. These changes were the result of communication between Chinese and foreign historiography in the environment of ＂introducing the West into China＂. This article tries to explore how the writing structure of ＂specialized history＂ oriented the writing of Chinese history whose influence is still alive today. From the early 20^th century, various historical writings under the name of ＂specialized history＂ and with the form of modern scientific discipline have reshaped the concept of ＂China＇s past＂. Further more, while the writing of ＂specialized history＂ has catalyzed numerous related scholarship, it also has great impact on the understanding of history. The discipline programming of historiography featured by ＂specialize history＂ has sustaining influence On the development of historiography. ＂Specialized history＂ stays the essence of discipline organizational system of historiography in China. This justifies the attempt to scrutinize ＂new history＂ and its legacy, to trace the origin of the writing of ＂specialized history＂ and its impact.

关 键 词：新史学 专门史 通史 学科建制 现代学科 

分 类 号：K03[历史地理—历史学]