堵江滑坡坝的溃坝方式模拟与环境效应分析  

Simulation of dam-bursting mode and environmental effect analyisis of river-blocking landslide dam

作　　者：孙蔚[1] 董云[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏淮安交通勘察设计研究院有限公司,江苏淮安223001 [2]河海大学岩土工程研究所

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2008年第4期72-77,共6页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(№40102026);交通部西部建设科技项目(№200231800034);河海大学学生科技基金项目:土石混合料的分形特征研究

摘　　要：大型堵江滑坡坝的溃坝方式决定了溃坝洪水的流量、演变及其对下游生态、地质的影响。实地调查岷江上游分布的大量古堵江滑坡土石坝后,重点对扣山古堵江滑坡坝形成的地质环境和坝体的几何特征、溃口形态进行了野外勘察,并用坝体土石样品进行了室内大型土工试验。考虑湖水、坝体渗流和岩土体的耦合作用,采用基于有限单元法的数值模拟软件,进行了古堵江滑坡坝的稳定性分析,模拟结果显示,该天然堵江滑坡坝的溃决方式为漫坝瞬时全溃,溃坝洪水将对沿岸及下游地区的生态环境产生巨大的影响。The dam burst mode of large-scale river-blocking landslide dam decides the flowrate and evolution dam burst flood and the influence on ecology, geology in lower reaches. After site investigation of ancient landslide dam along Mingjiang, this article gave a detailed field reconnaissance of Koushan dam for geology, geometrical character and burst shape. Based on the results of lab large-scale test of site sample, the article simulated the stability of landslide dam with Plaxis which can consider the coupling effect of water, seepage and dam material, then forecast the peak flow, flood-peak stage and evolution of dam-brusting flood, finally got the conclusions： the dam-bursting mode may be instant whole burst, the peak flow is about 50 ×10^4m3/s at the dam site; the dam-bursting flood would have great effect to environment of areas along the bank and in lower reaches of the river.

关 键 词：滑坡坝 溃决方式 洪峰流量 洪水演进 环境效应 

分 类 号：TV64[水利工程—水利水电工程]