农地细碎化的缘由与效应——历史视角下的经济学解释  

Land Fragmentation:Historical and Economics Analysis

作　　者：叶春辉[1] 许庆[2] 徐志刚[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学中国农村发展研究院,杭州310029 [2]上海财经大学财经研究所,上海200433 [3]中国科学院地理系农业政策研究中心,北京100110

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2008年第9期9-15,共7页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:70703027)的资助;教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金的资助

摘　　要：本文首先通过与农地细碎化相关的国内外的历史学和社会学的文献的梳理,发现农地细碎化的存在与土地的私有或者公有没有任何关系;它的产生和中国极高的人地比例、传统的诸子均分财产制度以及投资性质的不在地地主有着密切的关联;同时,农地细碎化的存在还受农业生产经营方式的直接影响。通过对相关经济学文献的整理,证实了农地细碎化的存在阻碍了农业生产规模效益的提高,降低了农户收入水平,浪费了农村劳动力;但是农地细碎化也有正面效用,如提高了农户收入水平、缩小了农民间的收入不平等。On the basis of investigation on the historical and sociological literatures, this paper finds out that land fragmentation in rural China is independent of whether land is state-owned or private-owned. While it is correlative with man-land ratio, traditional inheritance rule in which family property is divided equally by all sons, emergence of absentee landlord whose purpose is to benefit from land investment, and management pattern of agricultural production. Through the summaries of economic literatures, it was also found that land fragmentation would incur scale diseconomy, decrease total income of rural household and waste rural labors. On the other hand, the existence of land fragmentation could increase farmer's income and reduce farmers’ income inequality.

关 键 词：农地细碎化 人地比例 诸子均分制 经营方式 效用 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]