听障者就医沟通需求初探  

An exploration of deaf people＇s needs for smooth communication with doctors and nurses

作　　者：臧渝梨[1] 王育林 仝春兰[1] 李晶 朱楠[1] 沈一桥[1] 袁魁昌[1] 孟晓琴 程强 娄凤兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学护理学院,济南250012 [2]济南市残疾人联合会

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志（中旬版）》2008年第9期67-69,共3页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的 了解听障者在门诊或病房就医时对医护一患沟通内容的需求，为编制临床沟通手语教材提供依据。方法 采用立意取样法和半结构式访谈法。共访谈了6名符合要求的听障者，每位访谈持续20-40min，访谈全程录像录音，由专人进行转录，对转录文本进行内容分析。结果 听障者的就医沟通需求可归结为3个主题：需要手语翻译、需要信息和知识及需要社会心理及情感支持。需要手语翻译是指需要懂手语的人协助就医和需要医护人员能用浅显易懂的日常用语代替专业术语，而所需要的知识和信息包括病情、药物治疗和自护活动3方面。结论 听障者就医时存在明显的医护一患沟通障碍，临床急需懂得基本手语的医护人员，促进无障碍就医环境的建设。Objective This study was to explore deaf people＇s needs for a smooth communication with doctors and/or nurses during health consultation in the outpatient department or when being hospital- ized and supply reference for compilation of sign language textbooks. Methods Purposive sampling was used and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Six deaf participants who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were interviewed. It lased for 20 to 40 minutes for each interview. Interviews were recorded digitally and then transcribed and validated. Transcripts were analyzed using a method of thematic analysis. Results Three themes were identified, i.e. needs for sign language interpreters, needs for information and knowledge, and needs for psychosocial and emotional support. Needs for sign language interpreters meant that doctors and nurses were able to communicate with them using simple sign language instead of terminology. The required information and knowledge covered three aspects, i.e. health condition, pharmaceutical therapy, and self-care activity. Conclusions There may exist serious communicative barriers for deaf people during their health consultation in the outpatient department or when being hospitalized. There is a need for healthcare professionals who are competent in sign language to establish the health delivery environment with minimal barriers.

关 键 词：手语 沟通 聋人 门诊 住院 

分 类 号：R197.32[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R473.5[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]