农田土壤呼吸对大气CO_2浓度升高的响应  

Response of soil respiration in cropland to elevated atmospheric CO_2 concentration

作　　者：寇太记[1] 苗艳芳[1] 庞静[2] 朱建国[3] 谢祖彬[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]日本东京大学大学院农学生命科学研究科 [3]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《生态环境》2008年第4期1667-1673,共7页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点基金项目(40231003;40110817);河南科技大学博士基金项目(09001266);河南省前沿基础研究项目(082300430230)

摘　　要：大气CO2浓度急剧升高引起的全球气候变暖是人们关注的环境问题之一。随着气候变化对全球生态环境的影响日益增大,全球碳循环研究已经成为各国科学家研究的热点之一。模拟大气CO2浓度升高试验技术先后经历了人工气候室、开顶式气室、FACE技术(Free Air carbon dioxide enrichment)阶段,FACE技术因其无限接近自然条件而成为研究大气CO2浓度增加对整个生态系统影响的最理想试验平台。土壤呼吸是陆地生态系统碳循环的重要环节,农田生态系统是陆地生态系统的重要组成,研究农田生态系统的土壤呼吸对大气CO2浓度增加的响应是预测和评价农田系统乃至整个陆地生态系统土壤碳周转和碳收支的重要前提与基础。文章根据现有研究成果,阐述了模拟大气CO2浓度升高的试验技术,比较了农田土壤呼吸的测定方法,总结了以FACE研究成果为主的高CO2浓度条件下农田土壤呼吸、不同地下来源贡献及环境因子影响,提出了进一步研究的方向,以期为全球气候变化背景下的农田土壤呼吸和碳固定及全球碳循环研究提供帮助。The global climate warming because of the rapidly increasing of atmospheric CO2 concentration is one of environmental problems to which people pay more attention. With the increasing effect of the global climate change on global ecosystem and environment, the study on the global carbon cycling has already become one of the important scientific issues. The experimental techniques simulating future high CO2 concentration pass successively by the courses of the controlled environment （CE）, open-top chamber （OTC） and free-air carbon dioxide enrichment （FACE）. The environment inside the FACE structure is quite similar to the outside except the CO2 concentration, so it is the most ideal technique to study the response of ecosystems to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration. Since soil respiration plays an important role in carbon cycling of terrestrial ecosystem and the farmland ecosystem is the most important part of terrestrial ecosystem, the study on effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 on soil respiration in farmland ecosystem was the important basis of forecasting and evaluating soil carbon cycling and sequestration in farmland ecosystems so much as terrestrial ecosystem. Based on the current results, this paper expatiated the experimental technology on simulating atmospheric CO2 increase, compared the measuring methods on soil respiration in cropland, discussed the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on soil respiration and its belowground sources, analyzed the influence of environmental factors on soil respiration, and indicated further direction of study, in order to boost the studies of soil respiration and carbon sequestration in farmland ecosystem so much as global carbon cycling under the global climate change.

关 键 词：人工气候室 开顶式气室 FACE 土壤呼吸 根系呼吸 CO2浓度 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]